Q: A molecule has a measured dipole moment of $$1.82\ \mathrm{D}$$ and a calculated dipole moment (if the electron were completely transferred) of $$6.33\ \mathrm{D}. $$What is the percent ionic character?

$$\dfrac{1.82}{6.33} \times 100\% = 28.8\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following best explains why atoms form chemical bonds?

Accepted Answer

To lower the potential energy between the charged particles that compose atoms

Question 2

Which of the following compounds is most likely to contain ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$MgF_2$$}$$

Question 3

Given the electronegativity values: Sr (1.0), F (4.0), what type of bond is expected between Sr and F?

Accepted Answer

Ionic

Question 4

Which element is the most electronegative according to the periodic trend?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine

Question 5

What is the formula for calculating the dipole moment ($$\mu) of a $$bond?

Accepted Answer

$$\mu = (q)(r)$$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the Lewis structure for water ($$\mathrm{H_2O}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen atom with two single bonds to hydrogen and two lone pairs

Question 7

Which of the following statements about lattice energy is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lattice energy increases as the charge of the ions increases

Question 8

Which property is NOT characteristic of ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Conduct electricity in the solid state

Question 9

How many valence electrons are present in the Lewis symbol for silicon (Si)?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 10

Which of the following molecules exhibits resonance?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NO_3$^-}$$

Question 11

What is the formal charge on the oxygen atom in $$\mathrm{HF}$$?

Accepted Answer

Not applicable, as there is no oxygen in $$\mathrm{HF}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct formula for calculating formal charge (FC)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{FC} = (\#\ valence\ e^-) - [(\#\ nonbonding\ e^-) + (1/2 	imes \#\ bonding\ e^-)]$$

Question 13

Which of the following elements is most likely to form compounds with incomplete octets?

Accepted Answer

Boron

Question 14

Which of the following bonds is the strongest, based on bond energy?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C \equiv C}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the trend in bond length for single, double, and triple bonds between carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

Single \u003e Double \u003e Triple

Question 16

A molecule has a measured dipole moment of $$1.82\ \mathrm{D}$$ and a calculated dipole moment (if the electron were completely transferred) of $$6.33\ \mathrm{D}. $$What is the percent ionic character?

Accepted Answer

$$\dfrac{1.82}{6.33} 	imes 100\% = 28.8\%$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world example of a molecule with an expanded octet?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$XeF_2$$}$$

Question 18

Which of the following statements about resonance structures is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Resonance structures can differ in the arrangement of atoms

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the bonding in sodium metal ($$\mathrm{Na}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Metallic bonding

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why ionic solids are brittle?

Accepted Answer

When struck, ions of like charge are forced next to each other, resulting in repulsive forces that cause the crystal to shatter

CHEM 131 Chapter 10: Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model – Structured Study Notes

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