Name: Chemistry: The Central Science
Author: Brown
ISBN: 9780134414232

Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria

뒤로

모든 교과서

Brown 14th Edition

Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria

문제 23

Which of the following is the stronger Brønsted–Lowry acid, HBrO or HBr?

문제 24

Which of the following is the stronger Brønsted–Lowry acid, HClO3 or HClO2?

문제 25

Predict the products of the following acid–base reactions, and predict whether the equilibrium lies to the left or to the right of the reaction arrow:

(a) O^2-(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌

(b) CH₃COOH(aq) + HS^-(aq) ⇌

문제 26

Predict the products of the following acid–base reactions, and predict whether the equilibrium lies to the left or to the right of the reaction arrow:

(a) NH₄⁺(aq) + OH^-(aq) ⇌

(b) CH₃COO^-(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq) ⇌

문제 27

If a neutral solution of water, with pH = 7.00, is cooled to 10 °C, the pH rises to 7.27. Which of the following three statements is correct for the cooled water: (i) [H+] > [OH-], (ii) [H+] = [OH-], or (iii) [H+] < [OH-]?

문제 28

If a solution is described as basic, which of the following is true: (i) 3H+ < 3OH-, (ii) 3H+ = 3OH-, or (iii) 3H+ > 3OH-?

문제 28a

Write a chemical equation that illustrates the autoionization of water.

문제 28b

Write the expression for the ion product constant for water, K_w.

문제 29

Calculate [H⁺] for each of the following solutions, and indicate whether the solution is acidic, basic, or neutral: (a) [OH^-] = 0.00045 M (b) [OH^-] = 8.8 × 10^-9 M (c) a solution in which [OH^-] is 100 times greater than [H⁺].

문제 30a

Calculate 3OH-4 for each of the following solutions, and indicate whether the solution is acidic, basic, or neutral: (a) 3H+4 = 0.0505 M

문제 30b

Calculate 3OH-4 for each of the following solutions, and indicate whether the solution is acidic, basic, or neutral: (b) 3H+4 = 2.5 * 10-10 M

문제 30c

Calculate 3OH-4 for each of the following solutions, and indicate whether the solution is acidic, basic, or neutral: (c) a solution in which 3H+4 is 1000 times greater than 3OH-4.

문제 31

Which of the following solutions is the most acidic? (a) 0.2 M Ba(OH)2, (b) 0.2 M H2SO3, (c) 1.0 M glucose 1C6H12O6).

문제 32

Which of the following solutions is the most basic? (a) 0.6 M NaCl, (b) 0.150 M CsOH, (c) 0.100 M Sr1OH22.

문제 32

Deuterium oxide 1D2O, where D is deuterium, the hydrogen-2 isotope) has an ion-product constant, Kw, of 8.9 * 10-16 at 20 °C. Calculate 3D+4 and 3OD-4 for pure (neutral) D2O at this temperature.

문제 33

By what factor does [H⁺] change for a pH change of (a) 2.00 units? (b) 0.50 units?

문제 37

The average pH of normal arterial blood is 7.40. At normal body temperature 137 °C2, Kw = 2.4 * 10-14. Calculate 3H+4, 3OH-4, and pOH for blood at this temperature.

문제 38

Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves in raindrops to produce carbonic acid (H2CO3), causing the pH of clean, unpolluted rain to range from about 5.2 to 5.6. What are the ranges of [H+] and [OH-] in the raindrops?

문제 39

Addition of the indicator methyl orange to an unknown solution leads to a yellow color. The addition of bromthymol blue to the same solution also leads to a yellow color. (a) Is the solution acidic, neutral, or basic? (b) Is there another indicator you could use to narrow the range of possible pH values for the solution?

문제 39b

Addition of the indicator methyl orange to an unknown solution leads to a yellow color. The addition of bromthymol blue to the same solution also leads to a yellow color. (b) What is the range (in whole numbers) of possible pH values for the solution?

문제 40b

Addition of phenolphthalein to an unknown colorless solution does not cause a color change. The addition of bromthymol blue to the same solution leads to a yellow color. (b) Which of the following can you establish about the solution: (i) A minimum pH, (ii) A maximum pH, or (iii) A specific range of pH values?

문제 40c

Addition of phenolphthalein to an unknown colorless solution does not cause a color change. The addition of bromthymol blue to the same solution leads to a yellow color. (c) What other indicator or indicators would you want to use to determine the pH of the solution more precisely?

문제 41

Is each of the following statements true or false? (a) All strong acids contain one or more H atoms. (b) A strong acid is a strong electrolyte. (c) A 1.0-M solution of a strong acid will have pH = 1.0.

문제 42

Determine whether each of the following is true or false: (a) All strong bases are salts of the hydroxide ion. (b) The addition of a strong base to water produces a solution of pH > 7.0. (c) Because Mg(OH)2 is not very soluble, it cannot be a strong base.

문제 43

Calculate the pH of each of the following strong acid solutions: (a) 8.5 * 10^-3 M HBr, (b) 5.00 mL of 0.250 M HClO4 diluted to 50.0 mL, (c) a solution formed by mixing 10.0 mL of 0.100 M HBr with 20.0 mL of 0.200 M HCl.

문제 43b

Calculate the pH of each of the following strong acid solutions: (b) 1.52 g of HNO₃ in 575 mL of solution

문제 44

Calculate the pH of each of the following strong acid solutions: (a) 0.0167 M HNO3 (b) 15.00 mL of 1.00 M HCl diluted to 0.500 L (c) a mixture formed by adding 50.0 mL of 0.020 M HCl to 125 mL of 0.010 M HI.

문제 23

문제 24

문제 25

문제 26

문제 27

문제 28

문제 28a

문제 28b

문제 29

문제 30a

문제 30b

문제 30c

문제 31

문제 32

문제 32

문제 33

문제 34

문제 35

문제 36

문제 37

문제 38

문제 39

문제 39b

문제 40b

문제 40c

문제 41

문제 42

문제 43

문제 43b

문제 44