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Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서Brown 14th EditionCh.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories문제 7d
9장, 문제 7d

In the hydrocarbon
Diagram of a hydrocarbon showing bond angles labeled A, B, C, D, and E, highlighting 120° angles.
(d) Identify all the 120° bond angles in the molecule.

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Identify the regions in the molecule where the carbon atoms are sp2 hybridized, as these will have bond angles of approximately 120°.
Look at the diagram and locate the bond angles labeled A, B, C, D, and E.
Determine which of these angles are formed by sp2 hybridized carbons.
Recognize that sp2 hybridized carbons are typically found in double bonds or in a trigonal planar arrangement.
Identify the bond angles that are approximately 120° based on the molecular geometry and hybridization.

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주요 개념

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Bond Angles

Bond angles are the angles formed between two adjacent bonds at a central atom in a molecule. They are crucial for understanding molecular geometry and the spatial arrangement of atoms. In hydrocarbons, bond angles can vary depending on the hybridization of the carbon atoms involved, with common angles being 109.5° for tetrahedral, 120° for trigonal planar, and 180° for linear geometries.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
01:53
Bond Angles

Hybridization

Hybridization is the concept that describes the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals, which can explain the geometry of molecular bonding. In hydrocarbons, carbon atoms can undergo sp, sp², or sp³ hybridization, leading to different bond angles. For example, sp hybridization results in a linear arrangement with 180° angles, while sp² leads to trigonal planar arrangements with 120° angles.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
00:51
Hybridization

Molecular Geometry

Molecular geometry refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule. It is determined by the number of bonding pairs and lone pairs of electrons around the central atom. Understanding molecular geometry is essential for predicting the bond angles and overall shape of the molecule, which is particularly relevant in hydrocarbons where multiple bond types (single, double, triple) influence the structure.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
01:33
Molecular Geometry with Two Electron Groups
관련 실천
교과서 질문

In the hydrocarbon (b) How many s bonds are there in the molecule?

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교과서 질문

The molecule shown below is called furan. It is represented in typical shorthand way for organic molecules, with hydrogen atoms not shown, and each of the 4 vertices representing a carbon atom.

(e) The C—C—C bond angles in furan are much smaller than those in benzene. The likely reason is which of the following: (i) The hybridization of the carbon atoms in furan is different from that in benzene, (ii) Furan does not have another resonance structure equivalent to the one above, or (iii) The atoms in a five-membered ring are forced to adopt smaller angles than in a six-membered ring.

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교과서 질문

The drawing below shows the overlap of two hybrid orbitals to form a bond in a hydrocarbon. (a) Which of the following types of bonds is being formed: (i) C¬C s, (ii) C¬C p, or (iii) C¬H s?

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교과서 질문

In the hydrocarbon

(a) What is the hybridization at each carbon atom in the molecule?

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교과서 질문

The drawing below shows the overlap of two hybrid orbitals to form a bond in a hydrocarbon. (b) Which of the following could be the identity of the hydrocarbon: (i) CH4, (ii) C2H6, (iii) C2H4, or (iv) C2H2?

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교과서 질문

The orbital diagram that follows presents the final step in the formation of hybrid orbitals by a silicon atom. (b) What type of hybrid orbital is produced in this hybridization?

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