Name: Chemistry
Author: McMurry
ISBN: 9781292336145

Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials

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McMurry 8th Edition

Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials

문제 18b

Identify each of the following kinds of packing: (b)

문제 18d

Identify each of the following kinds of packing: (d)

문제 19

The following compound undergoes a phase transition from the solid to the smectic liquid crystal phase at 121 °C. Upon further heating, the compound undergoes another transition to liquid phase at 131 °C.

(b) Which image represents the arrangement of molecules at 135 °C?

문제 20

Titanium oxide crystallizes in the following cubic unit cell:

(b) What is the formula of titanium oxide?

문제 22a

The following diagrams show the electron populations of the bands of MO energy levels for four different materials: (a) Classify each material as an insulator, a semiconductor, or a conducting metal.

문제 22c

The following diagrams show the electron populations of the bands of MO energy levels for four different materials:

. (c) Tell whether the conductivity of each material increases or decreases when the temperature increases.

문제 23

The following diagram represents the electron population of the bands of MO energy levels for elemental silicon:

(a) Identify the valence band, conduction band, and band gap.

문제 25

Diagrams (1) and (2) are energy-level diagrams for two different LEDs. One LED emits red light, and the other emits blue light. Which one emits red, and which blue? Explain. (1)

(2)

문제 26

List the four main classes of crystalline solids, and give a specific example of each.

문제 28

Which of the substances Na3PO4, CBr4, rubber, Au, and quartz best fits each of the following descriptions? (a) Amorphous solid (b) Ionic solid (c) Molecular solid (d) Covalent network solid (e) Metallic solid

문제 36

Copper crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit cell with an edge length of 362 pm. What is the radius of a copper atom in picometers? What is the density of copper in g>cm3?

문제 38

Aluminum has a density of 2.699 g>cm3 and crystallizes with a face-centered cubic unit cell. What is the edge length of a unit cell in picometers?

문제 39

Tungsten crystallizes in a body-centered cubic unit cell with an edge length of 317 pm. What is the length in picometers of a unit-cell diagonal that passes through the center atom?

문제 41

Sodium has a density of 0.971 g>cm3 and crystallizes with a body-centered cubic unit cell. What is the radius of a sodium atom, and what is the edge length of the cell in picometers?

문제 42

Titanium metal has a density of 4.506 g>cm3 and an atomic radius of 144.8 pm. In what cubic unit cell does titanium crystallize?

문제 44

The atomic radius of Pb is 175 pm, and the density is 11.34 g>cm3. Does lead have a primitive cubic structure or a face-centered cubic structure?

문제 45

The density of a sample of metal was measured to be 6.84 g>cm3. An X-ray diffraction experiment measures the edge of a face-centered cubic cell as 350.7 pm. What is the atomic weight, atomic radius, and identity of the metal?

문제 46

If a protein can be induced to crystallize, its molecular structure can be determined by X-ray crystallography. Protein crystals, though solid, contain a large amount of water molecules along with the protein. The protein chicken egg-white lysozyme, for instance, crystallizes with a unit cell having angles of 90° and with edge lengths of 7.9 * 103 pm, 7.9 * 103 pm, and 3.8 * 103 pm. There are eight molecules in the unit cell. If the lysozyme molecule has a molecular weight of 1.44 * 104 and a density of 1.35 g>cm3, what percent of the unit cell is occupied by the protein?

문제 48

Iron crystallizes in a body-centered cubic unit cell with an edge length of 287 pm. Iron metal has a density of 7.86 g>cm3 and a molar mass of 55.85 g. Calculate a value for Avogadro's number.

문제 50

Sodium hydride, NaH, crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit cell similar to that of NaCl (Figure 12.11). How many Na+ ions touch each H- ion, and how many H- ions touch each Na+ ion?

문제 51

Cesium chloride crystallizes in a cubic unit cell with Cl- ions at the corners and a Cs+ ion in the center. Count the numbers of + and - charges, and show that the unit cell is electrically neutral.

문제 52

If the edge length of an NaH unit cell is 488 pm, what is the length in picometers of an Na¬H bond? (See Problem 12.50.)

문제 2

문제 5

문제 6

문제 7

문제 8

문제 9

문제 11

문제 13