Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions

McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경

McMurry 8th Edition

Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions

문제 90

2장, 문제 90

Which of the following charges is not possible for the over-all charge on an oil droplet in Millikan's experiment? For this problem, we'll round the currently accepted charge of an electron to 1.602 * 10-19 C. (a) -1.010 * 10-18 C (b) -8.010 * 10-19 C (c) -2.403 * 10-18 C

검증된 단계별 안내

Identify the charge of a single electron, which is approximately -1.602 \(\times\) 10^{-19} C.

Understand that the charge on the oil droplet can only be an integer multiple of the electron's charge, as it results from gaining or losing electrons.

Calculate the possible charges by multiplying the electron's charge by different integers (both positive and negative). For example, n(-1.602 \(\times\) 10^{-19} C), where n is an integer.

Compare each option given in the problem with the calculated possible charges to see if they match any integer multiple of the electron's charge.

Identify which charge among the options does not fit the pattern of being an integer multiple of -1.602 \(\times\) 10^{-19} C.

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.

영상 길이:

주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Elementary Charge

The elementary charge is the smallest unit of electric charge that is considered indivisible, denoted as 'e', with a value of approximately 1.602 x 10^-19 coulombs. In Millikan's oil drop experiment, the charge on the oil droplets is quantized, meaning it can only take on integer multiples of this elementary charge, either positive or negative.

Quantization of Charge

Quantization of charge refers to the principle that electric charge exists in discrete amounts rather than a continuous range. In the context of Millikan's experiment, this means that the total charge on an oil droplet must be a whole number multiple of the elementary charge, leading to specific allowable charge values for the droplets.

Millikan's Oil Drop Experiment

Millikan's oil drop experiment was a groundbreaking experiment that measured the charge of the electron by observing the behavior of tiny oil droplets in an electric field. By balancing the gravitational and electric forces acting on the droplets, Millikan was able to determine the charge on the droplets, which confirmed the quantization of charge and provided a precise value for the elementary charge.

관련 실천

교과서 질문

Label the following statements about J. J. Thomson's cathode-ray tube experiments shown in Figure 2.6 as true or false. (f) By measuring the deflection of the cathode ray beam caused by electric fields of known strength, the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron was calculated.

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교과서 질문

Label the following statements about J. J. Thomson's cathode-ray tube experiments shown in Figure 2.6 as true or false. (c) The cathode ray is deflected away from a positively charged plate.

Prior to Rutherford's gold foil experi-ment, the 'plum pudding' model of the atom represented atomic structure. In this model, the atom is composed of elec-trons interspersed within a positive cloud of charge. If this were the correct model of the atom, predict how the results of Rutherford's experiment would have been different. (a) The alpha particles would pass right through the gold foil with little to no deflection. (b) Most of the alpha particles would be deflected back toward the source. (c) Most of the alpha particles would be absorbed by the atom and neither pass through nor be deflected from the gold foil.

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교과서 질문

What discovery about atomic structure was made from the results of Rutherford's gold foil experiment?

783

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교과서 질문

A period at the end of sentence written with a graphite pencil has a diameter of 1 mm. If the period represented the nucleus, approximately how large is the diameter of the entire atom in units of m?

672

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교과서 질문

Label the following statements about J. J. Thomson's cathode-ray tube experiments shown in Figure 2.6 as true or false. (b) A cathode ray is a stream of charged particles.

387

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