Question 1

Which of the following best describes the general formula for most carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$$C_n(H_2O)_m$$

Question 2

Which functional groups are present in the open-chain structure of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Aldehyde and multiple hydroxyl groups

Question 3

Which statement about the classification of carbohydrates is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Polysaccharides yield many monosaccharides upon complete hydrolysis.

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct chemical equation for the fermentation of glucose to ethanol?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ \xrightarrow{enzyme} 2C_2H_5OH + 2CO_2$$

Question 5

A student replaces glucose with fructose in Benedict's test (CuSO$$_4/$$NaOH, heat). What is the expected result?

Accepted Answer

A red precipitate forms, indicating a reducing sugar.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why glucose is used in the silver mirror test (Tollens' test)?

Accepted Answer

Glucose contains an aldehyde group that reduces Ag$$^+ to $$metallic silver.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the ring structure of glucose is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Both $$\alpha- $$and $$\beta-$$glucose are six-membered rings (pyranose forms).

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a property of monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

They can be hydrolyzed to yield smaller carbohydrates.

Question 9

A patient receives 500 mL of 5% glucose solution intravenously over two days. How much energy (in kJ) is provided if the enthalpy of glucose oxidation is $$\Delta H = -2803 kJ/$$mol? (Molar mass of glucose = 180 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

Approximately 389 kJ

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the main biological role of glucose in the human body?

Accepted Answer

It provides energy for cellular biochemical processes.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about fructose is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Fructose is always present in human blood at a constant concentration.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about the hydrolysis of sucrose?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose hydrolyzes to yield one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why honey is sweeter than ripe fruit?

Accepted Answer

Honey contains more fructose, which is sweeter than glucose.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct formula for the product X in the reaction of glucose with Tollens' reagent?

Accepted Answer

$$CH_2OH[CHOH]_4COOH$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the interconversion of glucose and fructose is correct?

Accepted Answer

Glucose and fructose can interconvert in basic solution.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of the chemical property of glucose as a polyalcohol?

Accepted Answer

It reacts with $$Cu(OH)_2 in $$alkaline solution to form a blue complex.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct energy value (in kcal) provided by 50 g of table sugar (sucrose), given that 100 g provides 397 kcal?

Accepted Answer

199 kcal

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the mutarotation of glucose is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

In aqueous solution, $$\alpha- $$and $$\beta-$$glucose interconvert via the open-chain form.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about the hydrolysis of polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Polysaccharides yield only disaccharides upon complete hydrolysis.

GOB Chemistry Study Guide: Carbohydrates, Glucose, and Fructose

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