Name the straight-chain alkanes or cycloalkanes whose structure or formula is shown:
(b) C₆H₁₂

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Recognize that the molecular formula C₆H₁₂ corresponds to a hydrocarbon. Since the hydrogen count is less than the maximum possible for six carbons (C₆H₁₄), this indicates the presence of a ring structure or double bond.

Step 2: Determine if the compound is a cycloalkane. Cycloalkanes follow the general formula CₙH₂ₙ, which matches C₆H₁₂. This suggests the compound is a cycloalkane.

Step 3: Identify the specific cycloalkane. With six carbons forming a ring, the compound is named cyclohexane.

Step 4: Confirm the name by visualizing or drawing the structure of cyclohexane, which consists of six carbons connected in a ring with single bonds, and each carbon bonded to two hydrogens.

Step 5: Review the naming conventions for cycloalkanes to ensure accuracy. Cycloalkanes are named by adding the prefix 'cyclo-' to the alkane name corresponding to the number of carbons in the ring.

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주요 개념

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Alkanes

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons consisting only of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atoms, connected by single bonds. They follow the general formula CnH2n+2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. Alkanes can be straight-chain or branched, and they are known for their relatively low reactivity compared to other organic compounds.

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are a class of hydrocarbons that contain carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. They are also saturated, meaning they contain only single bonds between carbon atoms, and their general formula is CnH2n. Cycloalkanes differ from alkanes in that they have a closed-loop structure, which can affect their chemical properties and reactivity.

Molecular Formula Interpretation

The molecular formula provides a concise representation of the number and types of atoms in a compound. For example, C₆H₁₂ indicates a molecule with six carbon atoms and twelve hydrogen atoms. Understanding how to interpret molecular formulas is crucial for identifying the specific type of hydrocarbon, whether it is a straight-chain alkane, branched alkane, or cycloalkane.

Name the straight-chain alkanes or cycloalkanes whose structure or formula is shown:(b) C6H12