Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between mass and weight?

Accepted Answer

Mass is the measure of the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the measure of the gravitational force on that matter.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a chemical property?

Accepted Answer

Iron rusts when exposed to oxygen.

Question 3

A scientist proposes that a new fertilizer increases crop yield. She tests this by applying the fertilizer to half of her field and leaving the other half untreated. Which part of the scientific method is she demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

Testing a hypothesis through experimentation.

Question 4

Which of the following best defines green chemistry?

Accepted Answer

The use of materials and processes that prevent or reduce pollution at its source.

Question 5

A saline solution contains $$1.00\ \mathrm{lb} of $$salt in $$1.00\ \mathrm{gal} of $$solution. What is the concentration in $$\mathrm{g/L}$$? (Given: $$1\ \mathrm{lb} = 454\ \mathrm{g}$$, $$1\ \mathrm{gal} = 3.78\ \mathrm{L})$$

Accepted Answer

$$120\ \mathrm{g/L}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

Saltwater

Question 7

Which of the following statements about scientific theories is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are sets of tested hypotheses that explain natural phenomena and are always tentative.

Question 8

Convert $$1.83\ \mathrm{kg} to $$grams.

Accepted Answer

$$1,830\ \mathrm{g}$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a physical change?

Accepted Answer

Melting of ice

Question 10

A metal sample has a mass of $$18.96\ \mathrm{g}$$ and a volume of $$4.31\ \mathrm{cm}^3. $$What is its density?

Accepted Answer

$$4.40\ \mathrm{g/cm}^3$$

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of applied research?

Accepted Answer

Developing over 300 products from peanuts to solve agricultural problems.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct formula for converting Celsius to Kelvin?

Accepted Answer

$$K = ^\circ C + 273.15$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a property of a compound but not an element?

Accepted Answer

It can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

Question 14

A student claims that a new herbal supplement cures headaches. Which part of the FLaReS test would be most relevant to evaluate this claim?

Accepted Answer

Falsifiability – Can the claim be tested and potentially proven false?

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of science?

Accepted Answer

It is unchangeable and absolute.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a heterogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

A mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout.

Question 17

Which of the following is the SI base unit for mass?

Accepted Answer

kilogram (kg)

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a physical property?

Accepted Answer

Sulfur is yellow.

Question 19

If the benefit of a new technology is rated at 80 and the risk is rated at 20, what is the desirability quotient (DQ)?

Accepted Answer

$$DQ = \frac{80}{20} = 4$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between heat and temperature?

Accepted Answer

Heat is the energy transferred due to temperature difference, while temperature is the average kinetic energy of particles.

Introduction to Chemistry: Foundations, Matter, and Measurement

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