Introduction to Microbiology
History of Spontaneous Generation Summarized
Koch's Postulates
Introduction to Taxonomy
Scientific Naming of Organisms
Symbiotic Relationships
The Human Microbiome
Members of the Bacterial World
Introduction to Biofilms
Importance of Microorganisms
Introduction to Microscopes
Magnification, Resolution, & Contrast
Introduction to Light Microscopy
Light Microscopy: Bright-Field Microscopes
Light Microscopes that Increase Contrast
Light Microscopes that Detect Fluorescence
Electron Microscopes
Reviewing the Different Types of Microscopes
Introduction to Staining
Simple Staining
Differential Staining
Other Types of Staining
Gram Stain
Introduction to Cultivating Microbial Growth
Types of Solid Culture Media
Plating Methods
Growing a Pure Culture
Introduction to Metabolism
Enzymes
Introduction to Aerobic Cellular Respiration
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration
Microbial Growth Curves in a Closed System
Generation Times
Temperature Requirements for Microbial Growth
pH Requirements for Microbial Growth
Osmolarity Factors for Microbial Growth
Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
Nutritional Factors of Microbial Growth
Growth Factors
Reviewing the Environmental Factors of Microbial Growth
Introduction to the Types of Culture Media
Complex Media
Differential Media
Selective Media
Reducing Media
Reviewing the Types of Culture Media
Introduction to Controlling Microbial Growth
Selecting a Method to Control Microbial Growth
Physical Methods to Control Microbial Growth
Review of Physical Methods to Control Microbial Growth
Chemicals Used to Control Microbial Growth
Liquid Chemicals: Alcohols, Aldehydes, & Biguanides
Liquid Chemicals: Halogens
Chemical Gases: Ethylene Oxide, Ozone, & Formaldehyde
Liquid Chemicals: Surface-Active Agents
Other Types of Liquid Chemicals
Review of Chemicals Used to Control Microbial Growth
Introduction to Microbial Genetics
Horizontal Gene Transfer
Introduction to Conjugation
Conjugation: F Plasmids
Conjugation: Hfr & F' Cells
Bacterial Transformation
The Griffith Experiment
Transduction
Introduction to Viruses
Introduction to Bacteriophage Infections
Bacteriophage: Lytic Phage Infections
Bacteriophage: Lysogenic Phage Infections
Introduction to Animal Virus Infections
Animal Viruses: 1. Attachment to the Host Cell
Animal Viruses: 2. Entry & Uncoating in the Host Cell
Animal Viruses: 3. Synthesis & Replication
Animal Viruses: DNA Virus Synthesis & Replication
Animal Viruses: RNA Virus Synthesis & Replication
Animal Viruses: Antigenic Drift vs. Antigenic Shift
Animal Viruses: Reverse-Transcribing Virus Synthesis & Replication
Animal Viruses: 4. Assembly Inside Host Cell
Animal Viruses: 5. Release from Host Cell
Acute vs. Persistent Viral Infections
Plaque Assays
Prions
Biofilms
Characteristics of Infectious Disease
Molecular Koch's Postulates
Disease Transmission
Stages of Infectious Disease Progression
Introduction to Epidemiology
Factors Influencing Epidemiology
Epidemiological Studies
Healthcare-Associated Infections
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Introduction to Chain of Infection
Colonization of Susceptible Host
Bacterial Pathogenesis
Introduction to Pathogenic Toxins
Exotoxins Cause Damage to the Host
Endotoxin Causes Damage to the Host
Exotoxins vs. Endotoxin Review
Immune Response Damage to the Host
Introduction to Avoiding Host Defense Mechanisms
1) Hide Within Host Cells
2) Avoiding Phagocytosis
3) Surviving Inside Phagocytic Cells
4) Avoiding Complement System
5) Avoiding Antibodies
Introduction to Immunity
Introduction to Innate Immunity
Introduction to First-Line Defenses
Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Mucous Membrane
First-Line Defenses: Chemical Barriers
Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin
Introduction to Cells of the Immune System
Cells of the Immune System: Granulocytes
Cells of the Immune System: Agranulocytes
Phagoctytosis
Natural Killer Cells
Cell Communication: Cytokines
Interferon Response
Introduction to the Complement System
Activation Pathways of the Complement System
Effects of the Complement System
Review of the Complement System
Introduction to Inflammation
Steps of the Inflammatory Response
Fever
Introduction to Adaptive Immunity
Antigens
Introduction to T Lymphocytes
Activation of T Lymphocytes
Functions of T Lymphocytes
Review of Cytotoxic vs Helper T Cells
Regulatory T Cells
Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules
Introduction to B Lymphocytes
T Dependent & T Independent Antigens
Antibodies
Classes of Antibodies
Outcomes of Antibody Binding to Antigen
Clonal Selection
Primary and Secondary Response of Adaptive Immunity
Review of Adaptive Immunity
Immunodeficiency Disorders
Introduction to Hypersensitivites
Autoimmune Diseases
Type I Hypersensitivities
Type II Hypersensitivities
Type III Hypersensitivities
Type IV Hypersensitivities
Reviewing the 4 Types of Hypersensitivities
Introduction to Vaccines
Attenuated Vaccines
Inactivated Vaccines
Immunotherapy: Monoclonal Antibodies
Immunoassays Detecting Antigen-Antibody Aggregates
Immunoassay: ELISA
Immunoassay: Fluorescent Antibody Tests
Immunoassay: Western Blotting
Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction
The Steps of PCR
Introduction to Antimicrobial Drugs
Therapeutic Window & Therapeutic Index
How Antimicrobial Drugs Work
Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis: Beta-lactam & Penicillin
Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis: Polypeptide Antibiotics & Isoniazid
Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis
Competitive Inhibitors of Metabolic Pathways
Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis
Disruptors of Cell Membranes
Antiviral Drugs
Antifungal Drugs
Tests to Guide Antimicrobial Use
Antimicrobial Resistance