Question 1

Which of the following statements best supports the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria have their own circular DNA and 70S ribosomes, similar to bacteria.

Question 2

Which process is responsible for the import of dissolved substances into a eukaryotic cell via small vesicles?

Accepted Answer

Pinocytosis

Question 3

A scientist observes a eukaryotic cell with a thick cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. To which kingdom does this cell most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Plantae

Question 4

Which of the following is a key difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell division?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells can divide by mitosis (asexual) and meiosis (sexual), while prokaryotes divide by binary fission.

Question 5

Which structure is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 6

A patient is diagnosed with a fungal infection caused by a dimorphic fungus. What does 'dimorphic' mean in this context?

Accepted Answer

The fungus can alternate between a yeast-like form and a hyphal form.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of the eukaryotic glycocalyx?

Accepted Answer

It serves as a sticky extracellular layer involved in protection, adhesion, and communication.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a feature shared by mitochondria and chloroplasts that supports the endosymbiotic theory?

Accepted Answer

Linear chromosomes

Question 9

Which type of fungal spore is produced by meiosis and results in genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

Ascospore

Question 10

A protozoan that moves using cilia and is known to cause human disease is most likely:

Accepted Answer

Balantidium coli

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why antibacterial drugs do not prevent yeast infections in humans?

Accepted Answer

Yeasts are eukaryotes, and antibacterial drugs target features unique to bacteria.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining cell shape and facilitating cargo movement

Question 13

Which of the following statements about eukaryotic ribosomes is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are composed of a 40S and 60S subunit, forming an 80S ribosome.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the movement of eukaryotic flagella?

Accepted Answer

Wave-like, back-and-forth motion

Question 15

Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of fats and amino acids, and protects the cell from toxic oxygen intermediates?

Accepted Answer

Peroxisome

Question 16

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of fungal cell walls compared to plant cell walls?

Accepted Answer

Fungal cell walls contain chitin.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Specific ligands bind to cell-surface receptors, leading to clathrin-coated vesicle formation

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding meiosis in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It produces four genetically unique haploid cells.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a protozoan group and its mode of motility?

Accepted Answer

Ciliated protozoans – cilia

Question 20

Which of the following features is unique to eukaryotic cells and not found in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Membrane-bound organelles

Chapter 4

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드