Question 1

Which of the following reagents can be used to oxidize a primary alcohol to a carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$KMnO_4$$}$$

Question 2

What is the correct IUPAC name for the following compound: $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2COOH}$$?

Accepted Answer

Προπανικό οξύ

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct product when benzylnitrile ($$\mathrm{C_6H_5CH_2CN}) is $$hydrolyzed under acidic conditions?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_5CH_2COOH}$$ (φαινυλοξικό οξύ)

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the Fischer esterification is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

It is an equilibrium reaction that can be shifted toward ester formation by removing water.

Question 5

Which of the following carboxylic acid derivatives is the most reactive toward nucleophilic acyl substitution?

Accepted Answer

Acyl chloride ($$\mathrm{RCOCl})$$

Question 6

Which reagent would you use to selectively reduce an ester to an aldehyde?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{DIBAL-H}$$

Question 7

What is the main product when a nitrile ($$\mathrm{R-CN}) is $$reduced with $$\mathrm{$$LiAlH_4$$}$$ followed by water?

Accepted Answer

A primary amine ($$\mathrm{R-CH_2NH_2})$$

Question 8

Which of the following methods is suitable for the synthesis of a tertiary alcohol from an ester?

Accepted Answer

Reaction with two equivalents of a Grignard reagent ($$\mathrm{RMgX})$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct statement about the hydrolysis of amides?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis of amides yields carboxylic acids and amines or ammonia.

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct sequence for increasing reactivity toward nucleophilic acyl substitution?

Accepted Answer

Amide \u003c Ester \u003c Anhydride \u003c Acyl chloride

Question 11

Which of the following reactions is used industrially for the production of soaps?

Accepted Answer

Alkaline hydrolysis (saponification) of esters

Question 12

What is the product of the reaction between acetic anhydride and ethanol?

Accepted Answer

Ethyl acetate and acetic acid

Question 13

Which of the following is a method for converting a carboxylic acid to an acyl chloride?

Accepted Answer

Reaction with $$\mathrm{$$SOCl_2$$}$$

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the hydrolysis of nitriles is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis of nitriles yields carboxylic acids via amide intermediates.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct product when butanoyl chloride reacts with ammonia?

Accepted Answer

Butanamide ($$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2CONH_2})$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a suitable method for the synthesis of a nitrile from a primary alkyl halide?

Accepted Answer

Reaction with $$\mathrm{NaCN} ($$cyanide ion)

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the reduction of carboxylic acids with $$\mathrm{$$LiAlH_4$$} is $$CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acids are reduced to primary alcohols.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of the mechanism of nucleophilic acyl substitution in carboxylic acid derivatives?

Accepted Answer

A nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbonyl carbon, forming a tetrahedral intermediate, followed by loss of the leaving group.

Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives: Structure, Nomenclature, Synthesis, and Reactions

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