Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between starch and cellulose, even though both yield glucose upon hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Starch contains α-glycosidic linkages, while cellulose contains β-glycosidic linkages.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the process of dehydration synthesis in the formation of a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A water molecule is removed, forming a covalent bond between two monosaccharides.

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct general formula for carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$$C_n(H_2O)_m$$

Question 4

How many possible stereoisomers exist for an aldohexose?

Accepted Answer

$$2^4 = 16$

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 6

Which of the following statements about amino acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Nearly all naturally occurring amino acids have the (S) configuration at the α-carbon.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the structure of a triglyceride?

Accepted Answer

A glycerol backbone bonded to three fatty acids via ester linkages

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct statement about the physical properties of saturated and unsaturated triglycerides?

Accepted Answer

Saturated triglycerides are usually solids at room temperature.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A fatty acid

Question 10

Which of the following base pairs is correct according to the rules of DNA base pairing?

Accepted Answer

Adenine pairs with Thymine

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the bond formed between two amino acids in a protein?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of phospholipids in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Membrane structure

Question 13

Which of the following is a purine base found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine

Question 14

What type of reaction is used to break down a protein into its constituent amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 15

Which of the following is true about the linkage between nucleotides in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotides are linked by phosphodiester bonds.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolyzed to simpler compounds

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the stereochemistry of amino acids in proteins?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are composed almost exclusively of L-amino acids.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

Transports $$O_2 to $$the cells

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids contain only single bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the hydrolysis of a lipid?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis of a lipid produces glycerol and fatty acids.

Molecules of Biological Importance: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids

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