Calculate the energy released in the fusion reaction: 23He+12H→24He+11H_$$2^3He$$+_$$1^2H$$\$$rightarrow_2^4He$$+_$$1^1H$$

Ch 43: Nuclear Physics

Young & Freedman Calc - University Physics 14th Edition

Young & Freedman Calc14th EditionUniversity PhysicsISBN: 9780321973610당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경

모든 교과서

Young & Freedman Calc 14th Edition

Ch 43: Nuclear Physics

문제 42

43장, 문제 42

Calculate the energy released in the fusion reaction: $_{2}^{3} H e +_{1}^{2} H \to_{2}^{4} H e +_{1}^{1} H$

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Understand the fusion reaction. Fusion is a process where two lighter nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy. Identify the specific nuclei involved in the reaction (e.g., hydrogen isotopes like deuterium and tritium).

Step 2: Write the nuclear reaction equation. For example, in the fusion of deuterium (²H) and tritium (³H), the reaction is:

H_{2} + H_{3} \to {He}_{4} + n

. This produces helium-4 and a neutron.

Step 3: Calculate the mass defect. Determine the mass of the reactants (deuterium and tritium) and the products (helium-4 and neutron). Use the equation:

∆m = m

_reactants-m_products, where

∆m

is the mass defect.

Step 4: Convert the mass defect to energy using Einstein's equation:

E = mc^2

. Here,

m

is the mass defect and

c

is the speed of light (

3.00 \times 10^8 m/s

Step 5: Interpret the result. The energy calculated represents the energy released during the fusion reaction. This energy is typically expressed in joules or electron volts (eV).

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.

영상 길이:

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear fusion is the process where two light atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing a significant amount of energy. This reaction powers stars, including our sun, and occurs under extreme temperature and pressure conditions. Understanding fusion is crucial for calculating the energy released in such reactions.

Binding Energy

Binding energy is the energy required to separate a nucleus into its constituent protons and neutrons. It is also the energy released when a nucleus is formed from these particles. The difference in binding energy before and after a fusion reaction determines the energy released, making it a key concept in energy calculations.

Mass-Energy Equivalence

Mass-energy equivalence, expressed by Einstein's equation E=mc², states that mass can be converted into energy and vice versa. In fusion reactions, a small amount of mass is lost and converted into energy, which is released during the process. This principle is fundamental for understanding how energy is calculated in nuclear reactions.

관련 실천

교과서 질문

In a diagnostic x-ray procedure, $5.00 \times 10^{10}$ photons are absorbed by tissue with a mass of $0.600$ kg. The x-ray wavelength is $0.0200$ nm.

(a) What is the total energy absorbed by the tissue?

(b) What is the equivalent dose in rem?

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교과서 질문

A $67$ -kg person accidentally ingests $0.35$ Ci of tritium.

(a) Assume that the tritium spreads uniformly throughout the body and that each decay leads on the average to the absorption of $5.0$ keV of energy from the electrons emitted in the decay. The half-life of tritium is $12.3$ y, and the RBE of the electrons is $1.0$ . Calculate the absorbed dose in rad and the equivalent dose in rem during one week.

(b) The $β^{-}$ decay of tritium releases more than $5.0$ keV of energy. Why is the average energy absorbed less than the total energy released in the decay?

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교과서 질문

It has become popular for some people to have yearly whole-body scans (CT scans, formerly called CAT scans) using x rays, just to see if they detect anything suspicious. A number of medical people have recently questioned the advisability of such scans, due in part to the radiation they impart. Typically, one such scan gives a dose of $12$ mSv, applied to the whole body. By contrast, a chest x ray typically administers $0.20$ mSv to only $5.0$ kg of tissue. How many chest x rays would deliver the same total amount of energy to the body of a $75$ -kg person as one whole-body scan?

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Calculate the energy released in the fusion reaction: 23He+12H→24He+11H_2^3He+_1^2H\(\rightarrow\)_2^4He+_1^1H

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

주요 개념

Nuclear Fusion

Binding Energy

Mass-Energy Equivalence

Calculate the energy released in the fusion reaction: $_{2}^{3} H e +_{1}^{2} H \to_{2}^{4} H e +_{1}^{1} H$