Q: According to Vroom’s Expectancy Theory, which equation best represents the motivation process?

$$Motivation = Expectancy \\times Instrumentality \\times Valence$$

Question 1

According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs must be satisfied first before an employee can be motivated by esteem needs?

Accepted Answer

Physiological and safety needs

Question 2

A company notices that employees are dissatisfied with their salary and working conditions, but after improving these, employees are still not motivated to perform better. According to Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, why might this be the case?

Accepted Answer

Motivators must be present to increase satisfaction, not just hygiene factors.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the Hawthorne Effect discovered by Elton Mayo?

Accepted Answer

People work harder when they know they are being observed.

Question 4

According to Vroom’s Expectancy Theory, which equation best represents the motivation process?

Accepted Answer

$$Motivation = Expectancy \times Instrumentality \times Valence$$

Question 5

A manager wants to increase employee motivation by giving more autonomy and opportunities for skill variety. Which motivational strategy is the manager using?

Accepted Answer

Job enrichment

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a SMART goal?

Accepted Answer

Ambiguous

Question 7

According to McClelland’s Theory of Needs, an employee who seeks to influence others and enjoys competition is primarily motivated by which need?

Accepted Answer

Need for Power ($$nPOW)$$

Question 8

A company implements a policy where employees who meet their targets receive public recognition, while those who do not are ignored. According to Reinforcement Theory, what type of reinforcement is being used for those who do not meet targets?

Accepted Answer

Extinction

Question 9

Which of the following statements best reflects Equity Theory?

Accepted Answer

Employees compare their input-output ratio to others and seek fairness.

Question 10

A manager rotates employees through different jobs to reduce boredom and increase engagement. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Job rotation

Question 11

Which of the following is a hygiene factor according to Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory?

Accepted Answer

Salary

Question 12

According to Alderfer’s ERG Theory, which need corresponds to Maslow’s ‘Esteem’ and ‘Self-Actualization’ levels?

Accepted Answer

Growth needs

Question 13

Which of the following is a key finding from the Gallup meta-analysis on employee engagement?

Accepted Answer

Companies with highly engaged workforce are 21% more profitable.

Question 14

In a high-context culture, which of the following is most important for effective communication?

Accepted Answer

Non-verbal cues and context

Question 15

Which of the following best describes Theory Y managers according to McGregor?

Accepted Answer

They believe employees are self-directed and seek responsibility.

Question 16

A manager wants to motivate employees by setting challenging but attainable goals, providing feedback, and ensuring organizational support. Which theory is the manager applying?

Accepted Answer

Goal-setting theory

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement in the workplace?

Accepted Answer

Giving an employee a bonus for meeting targets

Question 18

Which of the following is a common reason cited by professionals for leaving their job, according to the Korn Ferry Survey?

Accepted Answer

Boredom

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a step managers should follow to improve employee performance according to Expectancy Theory?

Accepted Answer

Set unclear and ambiguous goals

Question 20

A company wants to motivate Generation Z employees. Which of the following strategies is most likely to be effective?

Accepted Answer

Providing opportunities for multitasking and face-to-face communication

Motivating People: Theories and Applications in the Workplace

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