$$\text{Blood Volume} = \text{Plasma} + \text{Formed Elements}$$

$$\text{Hematocrit} = \frac{\text{Volume of RBCs}}{\text{Total Blood Volume}} \times 100$$

$$\frac{500}{5000} \times 100 = 10\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of hematopoiesis?

Accepted Answer

The formation of blood cells in the red bone marrow

Question 2

A patient presents with pale, microcytic, hypochromic erythrocytes. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Iron deficiency anemia

Question 3

Which leukocyte is most numerous and functions as a phagocyte to destroy bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 4

What is the primary function of thrombocytes (platelets) in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Initiating blood clotting

Question 5

Which plasma protein is essential for blood clotting and is produced by the liver?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen

Question 6

A blood sample is centrifuged. Which layer contains the majority of nutrients and metabolic wastes?

Accepted Answer

Plasma layer

Question 7

Which lymphocyte matures in the thymus and is responsible for killing viral-infected cells?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic T cell

Question 8

During an allergic reaction, which leukocyte releases histamine to increase blood flow?

Accepted Answer

Basophil

Question 9

Which equation best represents the relationship between blood volume, plasma, and formed elements?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Blood Volume} = 	ext{Plasma} + 	ext{Formed Elements}$$

Question 10

A patient with deep vein thrombosis is at risk for which potentially life-threatening complication?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary embolism

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Producing clotting factors

Question 12

Which cell is responsible for producing antibodies during an immune response?

Accepted Answer

Plasma cell (B cell)

Question 13

What is the term for the process by which neutrophils and monocytes engulf and destroy pathogens?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of interleukin in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates B cells, T cells, and NK cells and produces fever

Question 15

A patient with Hodgkin lymphoma is most likely to have which abnormal cell present?

Accepted Answer

Reed-Sternberg cell

Question 16

Which equation represents the calculation of hematocrit, the percentage of red blood cells in blood?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Hematocrit} = \frac{	ext{Volume of RBCs}}{	ext{Total Blood Volume}} 	imes 100$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-life scenario where the immune response targets cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

Natural killer cells recognize and destroy cancer cells

Question 18

A patient receives a blood transfusion of 500 mL. If the total blood volume is 5,000 mL, what percentage increase does this represent?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{500}{5000} 	imes 100 = 10\%$$

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why erythrocytes cannot repair themselves?

Accepted Answer

They lack a nucleus

Question 20

Which laboratory procedure involves spreading a drop of blood on a slide for microscopic examination?

Accepted Answer

Blood smear

Study Guide: Hematology and Immunology – Blood and Lymphatic System

Study Guide - Practice Questions