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Cell Organelles and Their Functions in Microbiology

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Terms in this set (11)

  • Nucleus

    The nucleus contains DNA and controls gene expression in the cell.

  • Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER)

    The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making and processing proteins.

  • Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER)

    The smooth ER synthesizes lipids, detoxifies chemicals, and stores calcium ions.

  • Golgi Apparatus

    The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.

  • Lysosomes

    Lysosomes digest waste materials, damaged organelles, and other cellular debris.

  • Peroxisomes

    Peroxisomes break down fatty acids and detoxify harmful substances within the cell.

  • Mitochondria

    Mitochondria produce most of the cell's ATP through aerobic respiration.

  • Cytosol

    The cytosol is the fluid inside the cell where many chemical reactions take place.

  • Vesicles

    Vesicles transport and store materials within the cell.

  • Ribosomes

    Ribosomes are the cellular structures that synthesize proteins.

  • Cytoskeleton

    The cytoskeleton maintains cell shape, supports movement, and organizes internal structures.