Which interpretation best reflects the current evidence and context regarding high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) and added sugar overconsumption?

• A. There is no association between added sugars and chronic disease when caloric intake is controlled; therefore, HFCS-containing products are as healthy as whole fruits if portion sizes are equal
• B. Overconsumption of added sugars including HFCS is associated with increased risk of obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and dental decay; evidence that HFCS is uniquely harmful beyond its role as an added sugar is mixed, so HFCS is best viewed as a marker of highly processed, nutrient-poor foods rather than a singular causal agent
• C. HFCS is conclusively proven to cause metabolic syndrome at any dose and should be considered uniquely toxic compared with all other caloric sweeteners, making any foods containing HFCS automatically unsafe
• D. Only HFCS in beverages is harmful; HFCS in solid foods is metabolically inert and does not contribute to disease risk regardless of consumption level

Answer: (B)