A genetic mutation severely reduces hemoglobin's ability to bind oxygen but does not affect red blood cell count. Which immediate physiological effect is most likely?

• A. Tissue hypoxia with increased lactic acid production in affected tissues due to insufficient oxygen delivery despite normal RBC numbers
• B. Excessive clotting and thrombosis since hemoglobin directly activates clotting factors when oxygen saturation drops
• C. Hypervolemia from increased plasma retention because hemoglobin directly controls blood volume through oncotic pressure
• D. Immediate renal failure because hemoglobin unable to bind oxygen will directly damage kidney tubular cells before other tissues are affected

Answer: (A)