Hypertension and Minerals definitions Flashcards
Hypertension and Minerals definitions
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Hypertension Chronic elevation of blood pressure above 130/80 mmHg, increasing risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Blood Pressure Force exerted by circulating blood on artery walls during heart contraction and relaxation. Systolic Pressure Higher blood pressure value measured during heart contraction, ideally below 120 mmHg. Diastolic Pressure Lower blood pressure value measured when the heart is relaxed, ideally below 80 mmHg. Sodium Major extracellular electrolyte influencing blood volume and pressure; excess intake raises hypertension risk. Potassium Primary intracellular electrolyte that helps counteract sodium's effects and supports normal blood pressure. Magnesium Essential mineral and electrolyte important for heart and muscle function, contributing to blood pressure regulation. Calcium Mineral involved in muscle contraction and nerve signaling, also playing a role in blood pressure control. DASH Diet Eating plan emphasizing whole grains, fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy, and nuts to lower hypertension risk. Electrolyte Charged mineral in body fluids, such as sodium, potassium, and magnesium, crucial for fluid balance and nerve function. Obesity Excess body fat condition that significantly increases the likelihood of developing hypertension. Physical Inactivity Lack of regular movement or exercise, contributing to higher blood pressure and cardiovascular risk. Diuretic Medication or substance that increases urine production, reducing blood volume and lowering blood pressure. Saturated Fat Type of dietary fat found in animal products, associated with increased cardiovascular and hypertension risk. Cardiovascular Disease Group of disorders involving the heart and blood vessels, often resulting from prolonged high blood pressure.
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