Trace minerals: Iron and Copper definitions Flashcards
Trace minerals: Iron and Copper definitions
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Trace mineral A nutrient required in amounts less than 100 mg per day, essential for various physiological functions. Iron An element central to oxygen transport in blood and muscles, found in both animal and plant foods. Hemoglobin A protein in red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. Myoglobin A muscle protein that stores oxygen for use during periods of increased demand. Heme iron A form of iron present in animal products, highly bioavailable and efficiently absorbed by the body. Non-heme iron A form of iron found in plant foods, less efficiently absorbed compared to its animal-based counterpart. Meat factor A component in animal foods that enhances the absorption of iron from plant sources when consumed together. Iron-deficiency anemia A condition marked by insufficient healthy red blood cells due to inadequate iron, leading to fatigue and pale skin. Copper A trace element acting as a cofactor for enzymes, crucial for iron metabolism and connective tissue formation. Cofactor A non-protein chemical compound required for enzyme activity, often a mineral like copper. Enzyme A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions, often requiring minerals for proper function. Collagen A structural protein in connective tissues, whose synthesis depends on adequate copper levels. Elastin A protein providing elasticity to tissues, with its production influenced by copper availability. RDA The recommended daily intake level of a nutrient considered sufficient for most healthy individuals. Fortified foods Products enhanced with added nutrients, such as iron, to help meet dietary requirements.