Water definitions Flashcards
Water definitions
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Intracellular Fluid Fluid located inside cells, making up about two-thirds of total body water and serving as the main environment for cellular processes. Extracellular Fluid Fluid found outside cells, including interstitial fluid, blood, and lymph, accounting for about one-third of body water. Interstitial Fluid Fluid that surrounds and bathes cells within tissues, facilitating nutrient and waste exchange between blood and cells. Osmosis Movement of water across a membrane from areas of low solute concentration to high solute concentration, balancing fluid compartments. Electrolyte Dissolved salts in body fluids, such as sodium, that regulate water movement and are essential for fluid balance. Fluid Balance State achieved when fluid intake equals fluid loss, maintaining proper hydration and supporting physiological functions. Hypothalamus Brain region that monitors blood sodium and volume, triggering thirst and hormone release to regulate hydration. Antidiuretic Hormone Hormone released by the pituitary gland that signals kidneys to retain water, reducing urine output to conserve body fluids. Diuretic Substance that increases urine production, leading to greater water loss and potential dehydration if not balanced. Dehydration Condition resulting from insufficient body water, causing symptoms like dark urine, thirst, headaches, and impaired function. Hyponatremia Dangerous drop in blood sodium concentration, often from excessive water intake, leading to brain swelling and possible fatality. Universal Solvent Property of water that allows it to dissolve a wide range of substances, enabling most cellular reactions and transport. Sensible Loss Measurable fluid loss from the body, such as through urine, sweat, or vomiting, that can be perceived or felt. Insensible Loss Unnoticed fluid loss occurring through skin evaporation and respiration, contributing to daily water requirements. Recommended Daily Allowance Guideline specifying optimal daily water intake, set at 3.7 liters for males and 2.7 liters for females, including fluids from food.
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