Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Serving as a structural component of cell membranes

Question 2

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates for a typical adult diet?

Accepted Answer

$45\%$ to $65\%$ of total daily calories

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A simple sugar composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a disaccharide and its monosaccharide components?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose: glucose + fructose

Question 5

A patient with lactose intolerance lacks sufficient activity of which enzyme?

Accepted Answer

Lactase

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the sweetness of sugars is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fructose is sweeter than glucose and sucrose

Question 7

Which of the following foods is most likely to contain a high amount of added sugars?

Accepted Answer

Regular soft drinks

Question 8

Which of the following is a sugar alcohol commonly used as a nutritive sweetener?

Accepted Answer

Sorbitol

Question 9

What is the chemical formula for glucose, a major monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$C_6H_{12}O_6$

Question 10

A nutrition label lists the following ingredients: high fructose corn syrup, cane sugar, and honey. What do these ingredients have in common?

Accepted Answer

They are all sources of added sugars

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why ketogenic diets have a lower carbohydrate AMDR than standard diets?

Accepted Answer

They restrict carbohydrate intake to induce ketosis for energy production

Question 12

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down sucrose in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Sucrase

Question 13

A person consumes a meal containing 60 grams of carbohydrates. If each gram of carbohydrate provides 4 kcal, how many kilocalories from carbohydrates did they consume?

Accepted Answer

$60 	imes 4 = 240$ kcal

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the relationship between monosaccharides and disaccharides is correct?

Accepted Answer

Disaccharides are formed by joining two monosaccharides via a glycosidic bond

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a major monosaccharide found in the human diet?

Accepted Answer

Maltose

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the relationship between glucose, fructose, and galactose?

Accepted Answer

They are structural isomers with the same chemical formula but different structures

Question 17

Which of the following is a recommended limit for added sugars according to dietary guidelines?

Accepted Answer

Less than 10\% of total daily calories

Question 18

A food product contains the following ingredients: maltitol, erythritol, and xylitol. What is the likely purpose of these ingredients?

Accepted Answer

To provide sweetness with fewer calories than sucrose

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why some individuals can digest lactose while others cannot?

Accepted Answer

Genetic differences affect lactase enzyme production

Question 20

A patient is advised to reduce their intake of added sugars. Which of the following ingredients should they look for on food labels to identify added sugars?

Accepted Answer

Corn syrup, dextrose, and molasses

Carbohydrates and Sugars: Nutrition Study Guide

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