Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of fiber in human nutrition?

Accepted Answer

Is a nondigestible plant carbohydrate that aids digestion and heart health

Question 2

A patient presents with high blood sugar and is diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Which of the following is most accurate regarding this condition?

Accepted Answer

It is characterized by insulin resistance and is often linked to obesity

Question 3

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down maltose into its monosaccharide components?

Accepted Answer

Maltase

Question 4

A person consumes a meal high in simple sugars and experiences shakiness and dizziness. Their blood glucose is measured at 60 mg/dL. What is the most likely condition?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglycemia

Question 5

Which of the following is a polysaccharide and serves as the main energy storage form in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 6

Which lipoprotein is responsible for delivering cholesterol to tissues and can contribute to arterial plaque formation?

Accepted Answer

LDL

Question 7

Which of the following fatty acids is considered essential and beneficial for heart and brain health?

Accepted Answer

Omega-3 (Alpha-linolenic acid)

Question 8

A food product contains olestra as a fat substitute. What is a key property of olestra?

Accepted Answer

It is not absorbed and provides zero calories

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the process of protein denaturation?

Accepted Answer

Protein unfolds due to heat, acid, or salt, potentially causing permanent loss of function

Question 10

A vegetarian combines beans and rice in their diet. What is the nutritional significance of this combination?

Accepted Answer

It supplies all essential amino acids, making a complete protein

Question 11

Calculate the recommended daily protein intake for a 70 kg adult using the formula $$0.8 	imes 	ext{body weight (kg)}.$$

Accepted Answer

$$56 	ext{g}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a benefit of dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

Prevents constipation and may lower risk of some cancers

Question 13

Which sugar substitute is not metabolized by the body and provides fewer calories?

Accepted Answer

Neotame

Question 14

A person with a negative nitrogen balance is most likely experiencing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Illness, malnutrition, or muscle loss

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of phospholipids in the body?

Accepted Answer

Making up cell membranes

Question 16

Which step in protein digestion involves the breakdown of polypeptides into smaller peptides by pancreatic enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding saturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

They have no double bonds and are solid at room temperature

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of a disaccharide and its monosaccharide components?

Accepted Answer

Maltose = glucose + glucose

Question 19

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for heart disease?

Accepted Answer

Diet and exercise

Question 20

Which protein is primarily responsible for muscle movement?

Accepted Answer

Actin & Myosin

Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins: Core Concepts for Nutrition Students

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