Q: A food contains 10 grams of carbohydrate, 5 grams of protein, and 2 grams of fat. Calculate the total kilocalories provided by this food. Use the following values: $$\text{Carbohydrate} = 4\ \text{kcal/g}$$, $$\text{Protein} = 4\ \text{kcal/g}$$, $$\text{Fat} = 9\ \text{kcal/g}.$$

$$10 \times 4 + 5 \times 4 + 2 \times 9 = 40 + 20 + 18 = 78\ \text{kcal}$$

Q: A person consumes 20 grams of alcohol in a day. How many kilocalories does this provide? Use $$\text{Alcohol} = 7\ \text{kcal/g}.$$

$$20 \times 7 = 140\ \text{kcal}$$

Question 1

Which of the following nutrients is considered inorganic and does NOT contain carbon in its chemical structure?

Accepted Answer

Mineral

Question 2

A food contains 10 grams of carbohydrate, 5 grams of protein, and 2 grams of fat. Calculate the total kilocalories provided by this food. Use the following values: $$	ext{Carbohydrate} = 4\ 	ext{kcal/g}$$, $$	ext{Protein} = 4\ 	ext{kcal/g}$$, $$	ext{Fat} = 9\ 	ext{kcal/g}.$$

Accepted Answer

$$10 	imes 4 + 5 	imes 4 + 2 	imes 9 = 40 + 20 + 18 = 78\ 	ext{kcal}$$

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a functional food?

Accepted Answer

A food that contains nonnutritive compounds that may provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition

Question 4

Which of the following statements about water is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Water is the most abundant nutrient in both foods and the human body

Question 5

A patient is found to have low hemoglobin levels and fatigue. Which type of nutrition assessment data does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Biochemical data

Question 6

Which of the following is a primary function of proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Supplying the basic building blocks for tissue synthesis

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the concept of epigenetics in nutrition?

Accepted Answer

How food intake alters gene expression without changing DNA

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic of a double-blind placebo-controlled study?

Accepted Answer

Neither the researcher nor the subjects know who receives the treatment or placebo

Question 9

Which of the following nutrients is considered conditionally essential under certain circumstances?

Accepted Answer

Nonessential nutrients

Question 10

A person consumes 20 grams of alcohol in a day. How many kilocalories does this provide? Use $$	ext{Alcohol} = 7\ 	ext{kcal/g}.$$

Accepted Answer

$$20 	imes 7 = 140\ 	ext{kcal}$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin

Question 12

Which of the following is a key difference between water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins?

Accepted Answer

Water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body and must be consumed daily

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a zoochemical?

Accepted Answer

Omega-3 fatty acids from fish

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a common reason for poor dietary practices among Americans?

Accepted Answer

Eating only at home-cooked family meals

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of vitamins in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

They function as coenzymes to help catalyze reactions

Question 16

A nutrition researcher wants to examine the relationship between dietary sodium intake and hypertension in a population. Which type of research is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Epidemiological research

Question 17

Which of the following is a key step in the scientific method as applied to nutrition research?

Accepted Answer

Formulating a hypothesis and testing it through experiments

Question 18

Which of the following is a credible source for nutrition information?

Accepted Answer

A Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN)

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about energy storage in the body?

Accepted Answer

Unused energy is stored predominantly as fat

Question 20

Which of the following is a recommended approach for evaluating nutrition information on the internet?

Accepted Answer

Check if the information is reviewed by experts and how current it is

Chapter 1: The Science of Nutrition – Foundations and Principles

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