Q: Which of the following equations correctly calculates the recommended dietary protein intake for a healthy adult, according to the RDA?

$$\text{Protein (g)} = \text{Body weight (kg)} \times 0.8$$

Q: Which equation correctly defines Body Mass Index (BMI)?

$$\text{BMI} = \frac{\text{weight (kg)}}{\text{height (m)}^2}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best explains why proteins are structurally different from carbohydrates and lipids?

Accepted Answer

Proteins contain nitrogen atoms in addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with kwashiorkor, a condition resulting from protein deficiency. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to be observed?

Accepted Answer

Edema (swelling) due to fluid imbalance

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly calculates the recommended dietary protein intake for a healthy adult, according to the RDA?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Protein (g)} = 	ext{Body weight (kg)} 	imes 0.8$$

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the process of protein denaturation?

Accepted Answer

The unfolding and loss of a protein's three-dimensional structure due to heat, acid, or agitation

Question 5

A vegan athlete wants to ensure adequate intake of all essential amino acids. Which dietary strategy should they use?

Accepted Answer

Eat a variety of plant-based protein sources to achieve protein complementation

Question 6

Which vitamin is classified as fat-soluble and is primarily found in leafy green vegetables?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Question 7

A deficiency in which vitamin is most likely to result in night blindness?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A

Question 8

Which of the following statements about antioxidants is correct?

Accepted Answer

Antioxidants neutralize free radicals, and vitamins C and E act as antioxidants.

Question 9

Which of the following is a major function of water in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature through sweating and evaporation

Question 10

A patient presents with muscle cramps, confusion, and seizures after drinking excessive amounts of water in a short period. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Water intoxication (hyponatremia)

Question 11

Which of the following minerals is most closely associated with the prevention of osteoporosis, and what is a nondairy food source?

Accepted Answer

Calcium; broccoli

Question 12

Which of the following statements best distinguishes heme iron from nonheme iron?

Accepted Answer

Heme iron is found in animal products and is more readily absorbed than nonheme iron.

Question 13

Which of the following is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide?

Accepted Answer

Iron deficiency

Question 14

Which equation correctly defines Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{BMI} = \frac{	ext{weight (kg)}}{	ext{height (m)}^2}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the concept of energy balance?

Accepted Answer

Energy balance occurs when energy intake equals energy expenditure.

Question 16

A 70 kg male consumes 2,800 kcal per day but only expends 2,300 kcal per day. What is the likely outcome over time?

Accepted Answer

He will gain weight due to a positive energy balance.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct definition of NEAT (Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)?

Accepted Answer

Energy expended for everything we do that is not sleeping, eating, or sports-like exercise

Question 18

Which of the following is a symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia

Question 19

Which of the following statements about alcohol metabolism is correct?

Accepted Answer

The liver metabolizes most alcohol using the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between hunger and appetite?

Accepted Answer

Hunger is a physiological need for food, while appetite is a psychological desire to eat.

Comprehensive Nutrition Exam Review Guidance

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