Q: A food contains 10 grams of carbohydrate, 5 grams of protein, and 2 grams of fat. What is the total energy content of this food? (Use: $4 \text{ kcal/g}$ for carbohydrate and protein, $9 \text{ kcal/g}$ for fat)

$10 \times 4 + 5 \times 4 + 2 \times 9 = 40 + 20 + 18 = 78 \text{ kcal}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a nonessential nutrient?

Accepted Answer

A nutrient that the body can synthesize in sufficient quantities, so it does not need to be obtained from the diet.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 3

A food contains 10 grams of carbohydrate, 5 grams of protein, and 2 grams of fat. What is the total energy content of this food? (Use: $4 	ext{ kcal/g}$ for carbohydrate and protein, $9 	ext{ kcal/g}$ for fat)

Accepted Answer

$10 	imes 4 + 5 	imes 4 + 2 	imes 9 = 40 + 20 + 18 = 78 	ext{ kcal}$

Question 4

Which of the following is a micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the AMDR (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range) for protein?

Accepted Answer

The range of protein intake associated with reduced risk of chronic disease while providing adequate essential nutrients.

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of vitamins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Serving as coenzymes in metabolic reactions

Question 7

A patient is diagnosed as undernourished. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

The patient has a deficiency of energy or nutrients that impairs health.

Question 8

Which of the following is a key principle of healthy eating?

Accepted Answer

Balancing calorie intake with calorie expenditure

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the Dietary Guidelines for Americans is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They provide science-based advice to promote health and reduce risk of chronic diseases.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of the stomach in digestion?

Accepted Answer

It secretes hydrochloric acid to denature proteins and activate enzymes.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct order of the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Digestion, absorption, elimination

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Reabsorption of water and formation of feces

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the cephalic phase of digestion?

Accepted Answer

It is triggered by the sight, smell, or thought of food, preparing the digestive tract for food intake.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about the RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance)?

Accepted Answer

It is the average daily intake level sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97-98%) healthy individuals.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of bile in digestion?

Accepted Answer

It emulsifies fats, increasing their surface area for enzyme action.

Question 16

Which of the following is a common misconception about organic foods?

Accepted Answer

They are always more nutritious than conventional foods.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between hunger and appetite?

Accepted Answer

Hunger is a physiological need for food, while appetite is a psychological desire to eat.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the pancreas in digestion?

Accepted Answer

Producing digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

It denatures proteins and activates pepsinogen to pepsin.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct pH range for stomach acid?

Accepted Answer

$1.5 - 3.5$

Question 21

Which of the following is a reliable source of nutrition information?

Accepted Answer

A peer-reviewed scientific journal

Comprehensive Study Guide: Foundations of Nutrition

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