Q: Which equation is commonly used to estimate Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) in adults?

$ BMR = 10 \times \text{weight (kg)} + 6.25 \times \text{height (cm)} - 5 \times \text{age (years)} + 5 $ (for males)

Q: Which of the following statements about BMI (Body Mass Index) is correct?

$ BMI = \frac{\text{weight (kg)}}{\text{height (m)}^2} $

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of antioxidants in cancer prevention?

Accepted Answer

Antioxidants neutralize free radicals, reducing oxidative damage to DNA that can lead to malignant tumor formation.

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with macrocytic anemia. Which nutrient deficiency is most likely responsible, and what is a common consequence of this deficiency during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Folate; neural tube defects in the fetus

Question 3

Which equation is commonly used to estimate Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) in adults?

Accepted Answer

$ BMR = 10 	imes 	ext{weight (kg)} + 6.25 	imes 	ext{height (cm)} - 5 	imes 	ext{age (years)} + 5 $ (for males)

Question 4

A 70 kg athlete requires increased protein intake during training. According to recommendations, how much protein (in grams) should they consume per day if the recommended intake is $1.2$ g/kg?

Accepted Answer

$ 70 	imes 1.2 = 84 $ grams

Question 5

Which of the following best explains the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic metabolism requires oxygen and produces more ATP per glucose molecule than anaerobic metabolism.

Question 6

Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption and bone health, and what is its deficiency commonly associated with?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D; rickets and osteoporosis

Question 7

A person wants to lose 1 lb in a week. Given that 1 lb of body fat is approximately 3,500 kcal, what daily caloric deficit should they aim for?

Accepted Answer

$ \frac{3500}{7} = 500 $ kcal/day

Question 8

Which mineral is a cofactor for insulin action and is involved in carbohydrate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Chromium

Question 9

Which of the following is a behavior modification technique that can help with weight management?

Accepted Answer

Keeping a food diary to monitor eating patterns

Question 10

Which nutrient is most important for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Folate

Question 11

Which of the following statements about BMI (Body Mass Index) is correct?

Accepted Answer

$ BMI = \frac{	ext{weight (kg)}}{	ext{height (m)}^2} $

Question 12

Which vitamin is primarily involved in amino acid processing in the liver?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B6

Question 13

A patient presents with microcytic anemia. Which nutrient deficiency is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 14

Which mineral is essential for the synthesis of hemoglobin and also plays a role in immune function?

Accepted Answer

Copper

Question 15

Which of the following is a promoter of vitamin A absorption?

Accepted Answer

Dietary fat

Question 16

Which of the following best describes osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A condition characterized by decreased bone density and increased fracture risk

Question 17

Which amino acid structure is most likely to be affected in protein deficiency diseases?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary structure

Question 18

Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of collagen and maintenance of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 19

Which nutrient is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

Question 20

A person with a family history of cancer wants to reduce their risk. Which dietary strategy is most supported by evidence?

Accepted Answer

Increasing intake of fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants

Comprehensive Study Notes: Key Topics in Nutrition Science

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