Question 1

Which of the following best describes the amphipathic nature of phospholipids?

Accepted Answer

They have both hydrophilic phosphate heads and hydrophobic fatty acid tails.

Question 2

A triglyceride molecule is formed by the esterification of fatty acids to glycerol. Which equation correctly represents the formation of a triglyceride from glycerol and three fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Glycerol} + 3\ \mathrm{Fatty\ Acids} \rightarrow \mathrm{Triglyceride} + 3\ \mathrm{H_2O}$

Question 3

Which statement about sterols is correct?

Accepted Answer

Sterols have a multi-ring structure and serve as precursors to hormones.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a major structural class of dietary lipids?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 5

A patient is found to have high levels of LDL cholesterol. Which of the following is most closely associated with this finding?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of cardiovascular disease

Question 6

Which of the following statements about triglycerides is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides consist of a single fatty acid attached to a 3-carbon glycerol molecule.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids are important in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids are amphipathic, allowing them to form cell membranes.

Question 8

Why are phospholipids not considered essential dietary nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Because the human body can synthesize phospholipids endogenously from dietary fatty acids, phosphorous, choline, and other precursors.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct statement about lecithin?

Accepted Answer

Lecithin is a major phospholipid in cell membranes and is used by the liver to produce bile.

Question 10

A vegan diet excludes all animal-based products. Which statement is most accurate regarding cholesterol intake for vegans?

Accepted Answer

Vegans do not consume cholesterol from plant-based foods.

Question 11

Which of the following is a structural difference between triglycerides and phospholipids?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids contain a phosphate group attached to glycerol, while triglycerides do not.

Question 12

Which equation best represents the general structure of a sterol?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Sterol} = \mathrm{Multi	ext{-}ring\ structure}$

Question 13

Which of the following statements about fatty acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids are hydrocarbon chains with a carboxyl group ($-\mathrm{COOH}$) at one end.

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in the body?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol serves as a precursor for steroid hormones and vitamin D.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the digestion and absorption of phospholipids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids are completely degraded during digestion and are not absorbed intact.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the storage of triglycerides in the body?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides are stored in adipose tissue to provide energy at a later time.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the role of phospholipids in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids act as emulsifiers, allowing fats to be transported in the blood.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the chemical diversity of lipids?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are structurally and functionally diverse, with many different chemical structures.

Lipids: Essential Energy-Supplying Nutrients – Structure, Types, and Functions

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