$\text{Major minerals:} \; > 100 \, \text{mg/day}$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why vitamins and minerals do NOT provide energy to the body?

Accepted Answer

They do not contain calories or macronutrient bonds that can be broken down for ATP production.

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with a deficiency in vitamin B12. Which of the following is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Enzymatic reactions involved in metabolism

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the recommended intake threshold for major minerals?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Major minerals:} \; > 100 \, 	ext{mg/day}$

Question 4

Which of the following is a key difference between vitamins and minerals?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins are organic compounds, while minerals are inorganic elements.

Question 5

A nutritionist recommends increasing intake of water-soluble vitamins. Which vitamins should be included?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins B and C

Question 6

Which of the following minerals is classified as a major mineral and is essential for fluid balance?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Question 7

A person is experiencing symptoms of muscle weakness and irregular heartbeat. Which mineral deficiency is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Potassium

Question 8

Which of the following statements about fat-soluble vitamins is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are stored in body tissues and excess can lead to toxicity.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of minerals in enzyme function?

Accepted Answer

Minerals act as cofactors, enabling enzymes to catalyze biochemical reactions.

Question 10

A diet lacking in vitamin D can lead to which of the following health issues?

Accepted Answer

Impaired bone mineralization

Question 11

Which of the following is a trace mineral and is required in quantities less than 100 mg/day?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 12

Which statement correctly describes the storage of water-soluble vitamins in the body?

Accepted Answer

They are not stored in the body and excess is removed in urine.

Question 13

A patient is advised to increase their intake of minerals to support nerve transmission. Which mineral should be prioritized?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Question 14

Which of the following is a function shared by both vitamins and minerals?

Accepted Answer

Regulating chemical reactions in the body

Question 15

A nutrition label lists 120 mg of calcium per serving. According to the classification, calcium is considered:

Accepted Answer

A major mineral

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the composition of vitamins?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds containing elements such as C, H, N, O

Question 17

A person consumes a diet high in fat-soluble vitamins. What is a potential risk associated with this practice?

Accepted Answer

Toxicity due to accumulation in body tissues

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of minerals in the body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy for cellular processes

Question 19

A patient is found to have low levels of iodine. Which physiological process is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone synthesis

Question 20

Which of the following statements about micronutrient supplementation is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins and minerals are best obtained through varied diets, but supplementation may be necessary in specific cases.

Micronutrients: Vitamins and Minerals – Structure, Functions, and Classification

Study Guide - Practice Questions