Q: A food contains 10 grams of fat, 20 grams of carbohydrate, and 15 grams of protein. Calculate the total calories in the food using the following values: fat = $$9$$ kcal/g, carbohydrate = $$4$$ kcal/g, protein = $$4$$ kcal/g.

Total calories = $$10 \times 9 + 20 \times 4 + 15 \times 4 = 90 + 80 + 60 = 230$$ kcal

Q: If a food contains 5 grams of fat, 30 grams of carbohydrate, and 10 grams of protein, what percent of the total calories comes from fat? (Use: fat = $$9$$ kcal/g, carbohydrate = $$4$$ kcal/g, protein = $$4$$ kcal/g)

Percent calories from fat = $$\frac{5 \times 9}{5 \times 9 + 30 \times 4 + 10 \times 4} \times 100 = \frac{45}{45 + 120 + 40} \times 100 = \frac{45}{205} \times 100 \approx 22\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes an essential nutrient?

Accepted Answer

A nutrient that must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot make it or cannot make enough of it.

Question 2

A food contains 10 grams of fat, 20 grams of carbohydrate, and 15 grams of protein. Calculate the total calories in the food using the following values: fat = $$9$$ kcal/g, carbohydrate = $$4$$ kcal/g, protein = $$4$$ kcal/g.

Accepted Answer

Total calories = $$10 	imes 9 + 20 	imes 4 + 15 	imes 4 = 90 + 80 + 60 = 230$$ kcal

Question 3

Which of the following is considered a micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 4

Which DRI component is defined as the average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group?

Accepted Answer

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

Question 5

A nutrition researcher wants to test the effect of a new supplement on cholesterol levels. She randomly assigns participants to receive either the supplement or a placebo, and neither the participants nor the researchers know who receives which. What type of study is this?

Accepted Answer

Double-blind experimental study

Question 6

Which of the following is the MOST energy-dense macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Fat

Question 7

If a food contains 5 grams of fat, 30 grams of carbohydrate, and 10 grams of protein, what percent of the total calories comes from fat? (Use: fat = $$9$$ kcal/g, carbohydrate = $$4$$ kcal/g, protein = $$4$$ kcal/g)

Accepted Answer

Percent calories from fat = $$\frac{5 	imes 9}{5 	imes 9 + 30 	imes 4 + 10 	imes 4} 	imes 100 = \frac{45}{45 + 120 + 40} 	imes 100 = \frac{45}{205} 	imes 100 \approx 22\%$$

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a recommended method for reducing portion sizes?

Accepted Answer

Eating directly from large packages

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the Nutrition Facts Panel is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Percent Daily Value is based on a 2,000 calorie diet.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a structure-function claim?

Accepted Answer

"Calcium builds strong bones."

Question 11

Which of the following is a key principle of healthy eating according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Accepted Answer

Balance calorie intake with physical activity.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between enriched and fortified grains?

Accepted Answer

Enriched grains have nutrients added back that were lost during processing, while fortified grains have nutrients added that were not originally present.

Question 13

Which of the following nutrients is absorbed directly into the lymphatic system from the GI tract?

Accepted Answer

Fat-soluble vitamins

Question 14

Which hormone is released by the stomach and stimulates the secretion of gastric juice?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Question 15

A person has their gallbladder removed. What dietary change is most likely to help them digest fat more comfortably?

Accepted Answer

Eat smaller, more frequent meals with lower fat content.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of an anthropometric assessment?

Accepted Answer

Measuring body weight and height

Question 17

Which of the following foods is considered an empty calorie food?

Accepted Answer

Soda

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of villi in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Increasing surface area for nutrient absorption

Question 19

Which of the following is a tip for evaluating the reliability of nutrition information on a website?

Accepted Answer

Look for references to scientific studies.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the action of peristalsis in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Propelling food forward through rhythmic muscular contractions.

Nutrition Exam 1 Study Guide: Step-by-Step Guidance for Key Concepts (Chapters 1–3)

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