Q: Which equation would you use to estimate an adult's daily fluid needs based on body weight?

$Fluid\ Needs\ (mL) = Weight\ (kg) \times 35$

Q: A person loses 2 pounds during a workout. How many cups of fluid should they drink to replace this loss?

$2\ pounds \times 8\ fluid\ ounces/pound \div 8\ fluid\ ounces/cup = 2\ cups$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins?

Accepted Answer

Water-soluble vitamins are transported freely in the blood and are not stored extensively, while fat-soluble vitamins require carriers for transport and are stored in body tissues.

Question 2

A patient presents with muscle cramps and irregular heartbeat after excessive sweating during a marathon. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely responsible, and what is the primary function of this electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia; potassium is crucial for muscle contraction and nerve impulse transmission.

Question 3

Which equation would you use to estimate an adult's daily fluid needs based on body weight?

Accepted Answer

$Fluid\ Needs\ (mL) = Weight\ (kg) 	imes 35$

Question 4

Which of the following is a sensible water loss?

Accepted Answer

Urine excretion

Question 5

A person loses 2 pounds during a workout. How many cups of fluid should they drink to replace this loss?

Accepted Answer

$2\ pounds 	imes 8\ fluid\ ounces/pound \div 8\ fluid\ ounces/cup = 2\ cups$

Question 6

Which nutrient is most important for the prevention of neural tube defects during fetal development?

Accepted Answer

Folate

Question 7

Which of the following minerals is required for thyroid hormone synthesis and thus energy metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

Question 8

Niacin can be synthesized in the body from which amino acid?

Accepted Answer

Tryptophan

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of antioxidants in cancer prevention?

Accepted Answer

Antioxidants neutralize free radicals, reducing DNA damage that can lead to cancer.

Question 10

Which of the following nutrients enhances the absorption of non-heme iron from plant sources?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 11

A patient is diagnosed with microcytic anemia. Which nutrient deficiency is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 12

Which hormone is released by the parathyroid gland to increase blood calcium levels, and what is its primary action?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone; stimulates bone resorption to release calcium into the blood

Question 13

Which of the following is the gold standard test for measuring bone density?

Accepted Answer

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

Question 14

Which nutrient is produced by gut bacteria and is essential for blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between heme and non-heme iron?

Accepted Answer

Heme iron is found in animal foods and is more readily absorbed than non-heme iron.

Question 16

Which B vitamin is required for the conversion of homocysteine to methionine, and why is this process important?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12; it reduces cardiovascular disease risk by lowering homocysteine levels

Question 17

Which of the following is a symptom of iron-deficiency anemia?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue and pale skin

Question 18

Which of the following nutrients is needed for collagen synthesis and thus bone health?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 19

Which mineral is most important for maintaining fluid balance and is the major extracellular cation?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of water in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulates body temperature and transports nutrients

Unit Three Nutrition Study Guide: Fluid & Electrolyte Balance, Key Body Functions, and Healthy Tissues

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards