Q: Which of the following is the value of Boltzmann’s constant $$k_B$$?

$$1.38 \times 10$$^{-23}$$\ \mathrm{J/K}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

If two objects are in thermal equilibrium with a third object, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Question 2

A steel railroad track is 30.000 m long at $$0.0\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}. If $$the coefficient of linear expansion for steel is $$11 	imes 10$$^{-6}$$\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}^{-1}$$, what will be its length at $$40.0\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$30.013\ \mathrm{m}$$

Question 3

Which of the following physical properties is NOT commonly used in thermometers to measure temperature?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic susceptibility

Question 4

A poorly designed electronic device has a steel bolt ($$L_{i,st} = 0.010\ \mathrm{m}$$, $$\alpha_{st} = 11 	imes 10$$^{-6}$$\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}^{-1}) $$and a brass bolt ($$L_{i,br} = 0.030\ \mathrm{m}$$, $$\alpha_{br} = 19 	imes 10$$^{-6}$$\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}^{-1}) $$with a gap of $$5.0\ \mu\mathrm{m}$$ between them at $$27\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}. At $$what temperature will the bolts touch?

Accepted Answer

$$34.4\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}$$

Question 5

Which of the following liquids would make the most sensitive glass thermometer, based on the coefficient of volume expansion?

Accepted Answer

Gasoline

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales is correct?

Accepted Answer

$$T_C = T - 273.15$$

Question 7

A spray can contains a gas at $$202\ \mathrm{kPa}$$ and $$22\ ^\circ\mathrm{C} in a$$ $$125.00\ \mathrm{cm}^3$$ can. If the can is heated to $$195\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}$$, what is the final pressure, assuming the volume does not change?

Accepted Answer

$$320\ \mathrm{kPa}$$

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water due to the molecular structure of water near $$0\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}.$$

Question 9

Which equation correctly relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of an ideal gas in terms of the number of molecules $$N$$?

Accepted Answer

$$PV = Nk_B T$$

Question 10

A pond begins to freeze at the surface rather than at the bottom. Which property of water is responsible for this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Water has maximum density at $$4\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}.$$

Question 11

If you are asked to make a very sensitive glass thermometer, which working liquid should you choose?

Accepted Answer

Gasoline

Question 12

Two spheres are made of the same metal and have the same radius, but one is hollow and the other is solid. Both are heated by the same temperature increase. Which sphere expands more?

Accepted Answer

They expand by the same amount.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct conversion from $$50\ ^\circ\mathrm{F} to $$kelvins?

Accepted Answer

$$283\ \mathrm{K}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is the value of Boltzmann’s constant $$k_B$$?

Accepted Answer

$$1.38 	imes 10$$^{-23}$$\ \mathrm{J/K}$$

Question 15

A common material for cushioning objects in packages is made by trapping bubbles of air between sheets of plastic. Is this material more effective at keeping the contents from moving around inside the package on:

Accepted Answer

A cold day

Question 16

On a winter day, you turn on your furnace and the temperature of the air inside your home increases. Assume your home has the normal amount of leakage between inside air and outside air. Is the number of moles of air in your room at the higher temperature:

Accepted Answer

Smaller than before

Question 17

Which of the following pairs represents two materials, one of which is twice as hot as the other, when temperature is measured on the Kelvin scale?

Accepted Answer

None of those pairs

Question 18

Which law states that the pressure of a fixed amount of gas at constant volume is directly proportional to its temperature?

Accepted Answer

Gay–Lussac’s law

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a thermodynamic variable of an ideal gas?

Accepted Answer

Mass

Chapter 18: Temperature and the Macroscopic Description of Matter

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