Q: A car travels 10 km to the left in 30 minutes, stops for 10 minutes, then travels 20 km to the right in 40 minutes. What is the car's average velocity for the entire trip?

$$\vec{v}_{avg} = \frac{10\,\text{km} - 20\,\text{km}}{80\,\text{min}}$$

Q: A car accelerates from rest to 60 mph in 6 seconds. What is its average acceleration in SI units?

$$a_{avg} = \frac{60\,\text{mph} \times 0.447\,\frac{\text{m}}{\text{s}}}{6\,\text{s}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of a 'particle model' in motion analysis?

Accepted Answer

Representing an object as a mass concentrated at a single point in space.

Question 2

A car moves along a straight road at a constant speed. In a motion diagram, how are the images of the car spaced?

Accepted Answer

Images are equally spaced, indicating constant speed.

Question 3

Which equation correctly defines average velocity $$\vec{v}_{avg}$$ for an object undergoing displacement $$\Delta \vec{r}$$ over time interval $$\Delta t$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\vec{v}_{avg} = \frac{\Delta \vec{r}}{\Delta t}$$

Question 4

A student walks to school and her position-versus-time graph is a straight line with a positive slope. What does this indicate about her motion?

Accepted Answer

She is moving at a constant speed away from the origin.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a basic type of motion described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Oscillatory motion

Question 6

A ball is tossed straight up in the air. At its very highest point, what is the direction of its acceleration vector?

Accepted Answer

It points down.

Question 7

If an object is slowing down while moving to the right, what is the direction of its acceleration vector?

Accepted Answer

To the left, opposite to velocity.

Question 8

Which SI unit is defined as the distance traveled by light in a vacuum during $$1/299,792,458 of a $$second?

Accepted Answer

Meter

Question 9

A car travels 10 km to the left in 30 minutes, stops for 10 minutes, then travels 20 km to the right in 40 minutes. What is the car's average velocity for the entire trip?

Accepted Answer

$$\vec{v}_{avg} = \frac{10\,	ext{km} - 20\,	ext{km}}{80\,	ext{min}}$$

Question 10

Which prefix represents $$10^{-6} in $$the SI system?

Accepted Answer

micro-

Question 11

A motion diagram shows a particle slowing down as it moves to the right. What is the sign of its acceleration $$a_x$$?

Accepted Answer

Negative

Question 12

Which of the following statements about significant figures is correct?

Accepted Answer

When adding or subtracting, the answer should have as many decimal places as the number with the fewest decimal places.

Question 13

A car accelerates from rest to 60 mph in 6 seconds. What is its average acceleration in SI units?

Accepted Answer

$$a_{avg} = \frac{60\,	ext{mph} 	imes 0.447\,\frac{	ext{m}}{	ext{s}}}{6\,	ext{s}}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct method for adding two vectors $$\vec{A}$$ and $$\vec{B}$$?

Accepted Answer

Place the tail of $$\vec{B} at $$the tip of $$\vec{A}$$, then draw an arrow from the tail of $$\vec{A} to $$the tip of $$\vec{B}.$$

Question 15

A sled slides down a hill and its displacement vector $$\Delta \vec{r} is $$drawn from its initial to final position. What does the length and direction of $$\Delta \vec{r}$$ represent?

Accepted Answer

The change in position and the direction of motion.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct unit conversion for 1 mile to kilometers?

Accepted Answer

$$1\,	ext{mi} = 1.609\,	ext{km}$$

Question 17

If an object's velocity and acceleration vectors point in the same direction, what is happening to the object's speed?

Accepted Answer

It is speeding up.

Question 18

A measurement is recorded as $$4.44 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$\,	ext{m}^3$$ and the density of aluminum is $$2.7 	imes 10^3$\,	ext{kg/m}^3. $$What is the mass of the aluminum piece, using correct significant figures?

Accepted Answer

$$m = 1.2\,	ext{kg}$$

Concepts of Motion – Physics for Scientists and Engineers (Chapter 1 Study Notes)

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