Question 1

Which of the following best describes a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of evidence and repeatedly tested.

Question 2

What is the main criterion for judging whether a scientific theory is valid?

Accepted Answer

Whether it is supported by experimental evidence and can make accurate predictions.

Question 3

Which statement about peer review in science is correct?

Accepted Answer

Peer review ensures that scientific work is evaluated by experts before publication.

Question 4

According to Newton's First Law, what happens to a mass if no net force acts on it?

Accepted Answer

It will continue in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line.

Question 5

Which of the following best defines 'inertia'?

Accepted Answer

The resistance of any physical object to a change in its state of motion.

Question 6

A car is moving at a constant velocity of $$20\ \mathrm{m/s}$$ for $$10\ \mathrm{s}. $$What is the distance traveled?

Accepted Answer

$$200\ \mathrm{m}$$

Question 7

Which equation correctly relates average velocity $$(v_{avg})$$, distance $$(d)$$, and time $$(t)$$?

Accepted Answer

$$v_{avg} = \dfrac{d}{t}$$

Question 8

A ball is thrown straight up with an initial velocity of $$15\ \mathrm{m/s}. $$What is the maximum height it reaches? (Use $$g = 9.8\ \mathrm{m/s^2$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$11.5\ \mathrm{m}$$

Question 9

Which of the following statements about gravitational acceleration is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is approximately $$9.8\ \mathrm{m/s^2$}$$ near Earth's surface and is constant for all objects.

Question 10

A force of $$10\ \mathrm{N}$$ acts east and a force of $$6\ \mathrm{N}$$ acts west on an object. What is the net force and its direction?

Accepted Answer

$$4\ \mathrm{N}$$ east

Question 11

Which of the following is true about vectors?

Accepted Answer

Vectors have both magnitude and direction, and must be added using vector addition rules.

Question 12

A runner accelerates from rest at $$2\ \mathrm{m/s^2$}$$ for $$5\ \mathrm{s}. $$What is the runner's final speed?

Accepted Answer

$$10\ \mathrm{m/s}$$

Question 13

Which scenario describes a system in equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A book resting on a table with no net force acting on it.

Question 14

A stone is dropped from rest from a cliff. How far does it fall in $$3\ \mathrm{s}$$? (Use $$g = 9.8\ \mathrm{m/s^2$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$44.1\ \mathrm{m}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes 'uniform motion'?

Accepted Answer

Motion at a constant speed in a straight line.

Question 16

Which equation gives the final velocity $$(v) of an $$object starting at velocity $$v_0$$ and accelerating at $$a$$ for time $$t$$?

Accepted Answer

$$v = v_0$ + a t$$

Question 17

A cyclist travels $$120\ \mathrm{m} in$$ $$20\ \mathrm{s}. $$What is the average speed?

Accepted Answer

$$6\ \mathrm{m/s}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is true about acceleration?

Accepted Answer

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of Newton's First Law?

Accepted Answer

A hockey puck sliding on ice continues moving until friction slows it down.

Question 20

Which statement best describes what scientists are really after in their work?

Accepted Answer

To understand and explain the natural world through evidence and reasoning.

Foundations of Physics: Scientific Method, Newton's Laws, and Kinematics

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