Q: A ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of $$v_0 = 20$ m/s. Neglecting air resistance, what is the maximum height reached by the ball? (Take g = 9.8$ m/s^2$)

$$h = \frac{v_0$^2}{2g} = \frac{20^2$}{2 \times 9.8} = 20.4 m$$

Q: A 2 kg block slides down a frictionless incline of height 5 m. What is its speed at the bottom? (Assume $$g = 9.8 m/s$^2)$$

$$v = \sqrt{2gh} = \sqrt{2 \times 9.8 \times 5} = 9.9 m/s$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a vector quantity in physics?

Accepted Answer

A quantity that has both magnitude and direction, such as velocity.

Question 2

A car travels 60 km east and then 80 km north. What is the magnitude of its displacement?

Accepted Answer

$$\sqrt{60^2$ + 80^2$} = 100 km$$

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental SI unit?

Accepted Answer

Newton ($$N)$$

Question 4

A ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of $$v_0 = 20$ m/s. Neglecting air resistance, what is the maximum height reached by the ball? (Take g = 9.8$ m/s^2$)

Accepted Answer

$$h = \frac{v_0$^2}{2g} = \frac{20^2$}{2 	imes 9.8} = 20.4 m$$

Question 5

Which statement correctly describes Newton's First Law of Motion?

Accepted Answer

An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a net external force.

Question 6

A 5 kg object is subjected to a net force of 15 N. What is its acceleration?

Accepted Answer

$$a = \frac{F}{m} = \frac{15}{5} = 3 m/s$^2$$

Question 7

A satellite orbits Earth in a circular path. Which force provides the necessary centripetal acceleration?

Accepted Answer

Gravitational force between the satellite and Earth.

Question 8

Which equation represents the work done by a constant force $$F$$ acting over a displacement $$d at an $$angle $$	heta to $$the direction of displacement?

Accepted Answer

$$W = F d \cos 	heta$$

Question 9

A 2 kg block slides down a frictionless incline of height 5 m. What is its speed at the bottom? (Assume $$g = 9.8 m/s$^2)$$

Accepted Answer

$$v = \sqrt{2gh} = \sqrt{2 	imes 9.8 	imes 5} = 9.9 m/s$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the conservation of energy principle?

Accepted Answer

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

Question 11

During an inelastic collision, which quantity is always conserved?

Accepted Answer

Momentum

Question 12

A spinning ice skater pulls in her arms and spins faster. Which physical law explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Conservation of angular momentum ($$L = I \omega)$$

Question 13

Which equation correctly relates pressure, volume, and temperature for an ideal gas?

Accepted Answer

$$PV = nRT$$

Question 14

Which statement best describes the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

The entropy of an isolated system always increases or remains constant.

Question 15

A 0.5 kg object moving at 4 m/s collides inelastically with a stationary 0.5 kg object. What is their final velocity after the collision?

Accepted Answer

$$v_f = \frac{m_1$ v_1$ + m_2$ v_2$}{m_1$ + m_2$} = \frac{0.5 	imes 4 + 0.5 	imes 0}{0.5 + 0.5} = 2 m/s$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-world example of Newton's Third Law?

Accepted Answer

A swimmer pushes water backward and moves forward.

Question 17

A 3 kg object is heated from 20°C to 50°C. If the specific heat capacity is $$c = 500 J/kg$$·K, how much heat is required?

Accepted Answer

$$Q = mc\Delta T = 3 	imes 500 	imes (50 - 20) = 45,000 J$$

Question 18

Which process is an example of a phase transition?

Accepted Answer

Water boiling to become steam.

Question 19

A piston compresses an ideal gas at constant temperature. What happens to the pressure if the volume is halved?

Accepted Answer

Pressure doubles ($$P_2 = 2P_1$)

General Physics for Life Sciences I: Syllabus and Study Guide

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