Q: A cyclist in the Tour de France rides up a $2.00\ \mathrm{km}$ hill at $5^\circ$ and then a $3.00\ \mathrm{km}$ hill at $7^\circ$. What is the total vertical altitude gained?

$2.00\ \mathrm{km} \times \sin 5^\circ + 3.00\ \mathrm{km} \times \sin 7^\circ$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the primary power of science according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

The power of science is in its ability to predict future events based on current knowledge.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a base SI unit used in physics as described in the materials?

Accepted Answer

Joule (J)

Question 3

The current definition of the meter is based on which of the following physical constants?

Accepted Answer

The speed of light in vacuum

Question 4

A student measures the length of a book as 0.274 m and its width as 0.102 m. What is the area of the book in square meters, and how many significant figures should the answer have?

Accepted Answer

$0.0279\ \mathrm{m}^2$ with 3 significant figures

Question 5

Which of the following numbers has exactly 2 significant figures?

Accepted Answer

0.0048

Question 6

A hill has a 12.0% grade. What is the angle $	heta$ of the hill above the horizontal? (Use $	an 	heta = \frac{12.0}{100}$)

Accepted Answer

$	heta = 6.84^\circ$

Question 7

A car travels at a constant speed of $763\ \mathrm{mi/h}$. How long (in seconds) does it take to travel the length of a $300\ \mathrm{ft}$ football field? ($1\ \mathrm{mi} = 5280\ \mathrm{ft}$)

Accepted Answer

$0.27\ \mathrm{s}$

Question 8

A person weighs $170\ \mathrm{lb}$. What is her mass in kilograms? ($1\ \mathrm{kg} = 2.205\ \mathrm{lb}$)

Accepted Answer

$77.1\ \mathrm{kg}$

Question 9

If the density of the average human body is $1.0\ \mathrm{g/cm}^3$, estimate the volume in liters of a person with a mass of $77.3\ \mathrm{kg}$.

Accepted Answer

$77.3\ \mathrm{L}$

Question 10

A cyclist in the Tour de France rides up a $2.00\ \mathrm{km}$ hill at $5^\circ$ and then a $3.00\ \mathrm{km}$ hill at $7^\circ$. What is the total vertical altitude gained?

Accepted Answer

$2.00\ \mathrm{km} 	imes \sin 5^\circ + 3.00\ \mathrm{km} 	imes \sin 7^\circ$

Question 11

A student measures a length as $0.755\ \mathrm{m}$ using a meterstick. What is the smallest division on the scale of the meterstick?

Accepted Answer

$0.001\ \mathrm{m}$

Question 12

Which of the following is a derived SI unit?

Accepted Answer

Newton ($\mathrm{N} = \mathrm{kg}\ \mathrm{m}/\mathrm{s}^2$)

Question 13

A cylinder has a radius of $2.0\ \mathrm{cm}$ and a height of $8.0\ \mathrm{mm}$. What is its volume in $\mathrm{cm}^3$? (Use $V = \pi r^2 h$ and $1\ \mathrm{mm} = 0.1\ \mathrm{cm}$)

Accepted Answer

$10\ \mathrm{cm}^3$

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why significant figures are important in scientific measurements?

Accepted Answer

They represent the accuracy and precision of a measurement.

Question 15

A heart pumps $70\ \mathrm{mL}$ of blood per beat at a rate of $60$ beats per minute. What is the total volume of blood pumped in one day?

Accepted Answer

$6.0 	imes 10^3\ \mathrm{L}$

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct way to express $800$ cm with the appropriate number of significant figures if the measurement is precise to the nearest centimeter?

Accepted Answer

$8.00 	imes 10^2$ cm

Question 17

A driver sees the top of the Gateway Arch in St. Louis at an angle of $2.0^\circ$ above the horizontal. If the arch is $192\ \mathrm{m}$ tall, approximately how far (in km) is the driver from the base of the arch? (Use $	an 	heta = \frac{h}{d}$)

Accepted Answer

$5.5\ \mathrm{km}$

Introduction to Physics: Measurement, Units, and the Foundations of Science

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