Q: Which of the following is the correct relationship for converting Celsius to Fahrenheit?

$$F = (C \times \frac{9}{5}) + 32$$

Q: A student needs to convert 345 megaliters (ML) to nanoliters (nL). Which of the following is the correct conversion factor to use?

$$1 \text{ ML} = 10$$^{15}$$ \text{ nL}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A law describes specific relationships under given conditions, while a theory provides a detailed explanation that accounts for a set of well-tested hypotheses.

Question 2

A student measures the length of a table three times and records 1.23 m, 1.24 m, and 1.22 m. The actual length is 1.50 m. Which statement best describes the measurements?

Accepted Answer

The measurements are precise but not accurate.

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct SI base unit for mass?

Accepted Answer

Kilogram (kg)

Question 4

A scientist hypothesizes that a new material will conduct electricity better than copper. Which step of the scientific method should the scientist perform next?

Accepted Answer

Test the hypothesis by conducting experiments.

Question 5

Which of the following is a vector quantity?

Accepted Answer

Velocity

Question 6

The speed of light in a vacuum is $$c = 2.99792458 	imes 10^8$ m/s. According to the current SI definition, how is the meter defined?

Accepted Answer

The length of the path traveled by light in vacuum during a time interval of $$1/299,792,458$$ second.

Question 7

A measurement is recorded as 0.00450 kg. How many significant figures does this value have?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates the use of dimensional analysis?

Accepted Answer

Checking that both sides of the equation $$x_f = x_i + vt$$ have the same dimensions.

Question 9

A car travels 120 km in 2.0 hours. What is its average speed in m/s? (1 km = 1000 m, 1 hour = 3600 s)

Accepted Answer

$$16.7 m/s$$

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a derived SI unit?

Accepted Answer

Newton (N)

Question 11

A scientist wants to convert 2.50 hours into seconds. Which calculation should they perform?

Accepted Answer

$$2.50 	imes 3600$$

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the peer review process is correct?

Accepted Answer

Peer review involves experts in the field evaluating a report for errors, biases, and oversights before publication.

Question 13

A student records the following data for the time it takes a pendulum to complete one swing: 1.23 s, 1.25 s, 1.22 s. What is the correct way to report the average time with the appropriate number of significant figures?

Accepted Answer

1.23 s

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct relationship for converting Celsius to Fahrenheit?

Accepted Answer

$$F = (C 	imes \frac{9}{5}) + 32$$

Question 15

A laboratory experiment requires you to measure the mass of a sample as accurately as possible. Which of the following best describes the difference between mass and weight?

Accepted Answer

Mass is an intrinsic property that does not change with location, while weight depends on the gravitational force and can change with location.

Question 16

Which of the following prefixes and their corresponding powers of ten is correct?

Accepted Answer

Milli ($$10^{-3})$$

Question 17

A graph of the speed of a soccer ball versus time is a straight line passing through the origin. What type of relationship does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Linear relationship

Question 18

A student needs to convert 345 megaliters (ML) to nanoliters (nL). Which of the following is the correct conversion factor to use?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	ext{ ML} = 10$$^{15}$$ 	ext{ nL}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct example of an order-of-magnitude estimate?

Accepted Answer

Estimating the speed of a cliff diver as $$v = 10 m/s by $$dividing a 10 m height by 1 s.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of problem solving in physics?

Accepted Answer

Reading the problem carefully, sketching the system, visualizing the process, strategizing, identifying equations, solving, and checking the answer.

Introduction to Physics: Scientific Method, Society, Units, and Problem Solving

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