Q: Convert $12.7\ \text{in}^3$ to $\text{m}^3$. (Given: $1\ \text{in} = 2.54\ \text{cm}$, $1\ \text{m} = 100\ \text{cm}$)

$2.08 \times 10^{-5}\ \text{m}^3$

Q: A supermarket has a promotion where they give away gift cards to customers who guess the number of balls in a bag. Jenny guesses there are 152 balls. The manager announces there are 177 balls in the bin. What is Jenny's percent error?

$\frac{|152 - 177|}{177} \times 100\% = 14.1\%$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between accuracy and precision in scientific measurements?

Accepted Answer

Accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true value, while precision refers to how close repeated measurements are to each other.

Question 2

A scientist measures the mass of a sample five times and gets the following results: 5.01 g, 5.00 g, 5.02 g, 5.01 g, and 5.00 g. The true mass is 5.50 g. Which statement best describes these measurements?

Accepted Answer

The measurements are precise but not accurate.

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct scientific notation for $0.000340$?

Accepted Answer

$3.40 	imes 10^{-4}$

Question 4

A student is investigating the effect of dissolved oxygen on fish populations in a river. Which is the dependent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The number of fish observed

Question 5

Which of the following is a control variable in an experiment testing the effect of light on plant growth?

Accepted Answer

The amount of water given to each plant

Question 6

Convert $12.7\ 	ext{in}^3$ to $	ext{m}^3$. (Given: $1\ 	ext{in} = 2.54\ 	ext{cm}$, $1\ 	ext{m} = 100\ 	ext{cm}$)

Accepted Answer

$2.08 	imes 10^{-5}\ 	ext{m}^3$

Question 7

A supermarket has a promotion where they give away gift cards to customers who guess the number of balls in a bag. Jenny guesses there are 152 balls. The manager announces there are 177 balls in the bin. What is Jenny's percent error?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{|152 - 177|}{177} 	imes 100\% = 14.1\%$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A testable explanation for an observation or scientific problem

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct number of significant digits in the value $0.00520$?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 10

A researcher wants to test the effect of temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction. Which of the following would be the best independent variable?

Accepted Answer

The temperature at which the reaction is performed

Question 11

A student records the following measurements for the length of a table: 2.00 m, 2.01 m, 2.00 m, 2.01 m, and 2.00 m. The actual length is 2.50 m. Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

The measurements are precise but not accurate.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct conversion for $20.0\ 	ext{mi/h}$ to $	ext{m/s}$? (Given: $1\ 	ext{mi} = 1609\ 	ext{m}$, $1\ 	ext{h} = 3600\ 	ext{s}$)

Accepted Answer

$8.94\ 	ext{m/s}$

Question 13

Which of the following statements about scientific theories is correct?

Accepted Answer

A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can incorporate facts, laws, inferences, and tested hypotheses.

Question 14

A student is asked to write $5,000,000,000$ in scientific notation. Which is correct?

Accepted Answer

$5.0 	imes 10^{9}$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a control group in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A group that does not receive the experimental treatment and is used for comparison

Question 16

A scientist is testing the effect of fertilizer on plant growth. She uses three different types of fertilizer and measures the height of the plants after four weeks. What is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

The height of the plants after four weeks

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct number of significant digits in the value $0.040060$?

Accepted Answer

6

Question 18

A student measures the density of aluminum as $2.71\ 	ext{g/cm}^3$. The accepted value is $2.70\ 	ext{g/cm}^3$. What is the percent error?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{|2.71 - 2.70|}{2.70} 	imes 100\% = 0.37\%$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a quantitative observation?

Accepted Answer

Measuring the temperature of a solution as $25\ ^\circ	ext{C}$

Introduction to Scientific Methods and Measurement in Physics

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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