Q: If the refractive index of water is $$n = 1.33$$, what is the speed of light in water? (Given $$c = 3.00 \times 10^8$\ \mathrm{m/s})$$

$$2.26 \times 10^8$\ \mathrm{m/s}$$

Question 1

A student uses a convex lens to project an image of a candle onto a screen. The image appears inverted and real. Which statement best describes the position of the candle relative to the lens?

Accepted Answer

The candle is placed beyond the focal point, at a distance greater than the focal length.

Question 2

Which equation correctly relates the speed of light $$c$$, frequency $$f$$, and wavelength $$\lambda in a $$vacuum?

Accepted Answer

$$c = f \lambda$$

Question 3

A person is diagnosed as myopic (near-sighted). Which type of lens is prescribed to correct their vision, and why?

Accepted Answer

Concave lens, because it diverges light rays so the image forms on the retina.

Question 4

A ray of light passes from air ($$n_1 = 1.00$) into glass (n_2$ = 1.50) at an $$angle of $$30^\circ to $$the normal. What is the angle of refraction in the glass? (Use Snell's Law: $$n_1$$ \sin \$$theta_1$$ = $$n_2$$ \sin \$$theta_2)$$

Accepted Answer

$$\$$theta_2$$ = 19.5^\circ$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the image formed by a concave mirror when the object is placed between the focal point and the mirror?

Accepted Answer

The image is virtual, upright, and larger than the object.

Question 6

A lens has a focal length of $$20\ \mathrm{cm}. An $$object is placed $$60\ \mathrm{cm}$$ from the lens. Using the lens formula $$\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{v} - \frac{1}{u}$$, what is the image distance $$v$$?

Accepted Answer

$$v = 30\ \mathrm{cm}$$

Question 7

Which phenomenon explains why a straw appears bent when placed in a glass of water?

Accepted Answer

Refraction

Question 8

A student observes that the image in a plane mirror is always:

Accepted Answer

Virtual and upright

Question 9

The critical angle for total internal reflection between glass ($$n = 1.5) $$and air ($$n = 1.0) is $$given by $$\sin 	heta_c = \frac{n_2$}{n_1$}. $$What is the value of $$	heta_c$$?

Accepted Answer

$$	heta_c = 41.8^\circ$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the magnification $$M$$ produced by a lens, given by $$M = \frac{h'}{h}$$, where $$h' is $$the image height and $$h is $$the object height?

Accepted Answer

If $$M \u003e 1$$, the image is larger than the object.

Question 11

A person with hyperopia (far-sightedness) has difficulty focusing on nearby objects. Which lens is used to correct this condition?

Accepted Answer

Convex lens

Question 12

Which statement about total internal reflection is correct?

Accepted Answer

It occurs when light travels from a medium of higher refractive index to a medium of lower refractive index and the angle of incidence exceeds the critical angle.

Question 13

Planck's equation relates the energy $$E of a $$photon to its frequency $$f. $$Which is the correct formula?

Accepted Answer

$$E = h f$$

Question 14

A convex mirror always forms an image that is:

Accepted Answer

Virtual, upright, and smaller than the object.

Question 15

A ray of light strikes a mirror at an angle of $$45^\circ to $$the normal. What is the angle between the incident and reflected rays?

Accepted Answer

$$90^\circ$$

Question 16

If the refractive index of water is $$n = 1.33$$, what is the speed of light in water? (Given $$c = 3.00 	imes 10^8$\ \mathrm{m/s})$$

Accepted Answer

$$2.26 	imes 10^8$\ \mathrm{m/s}$$

Question 17

A student uses a converging lens to focus sunlight onto a piece of paper, causing it to burn. What property of the lens makes this possible?

Accepted Answer

It converges parallel rays to its focal point.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the image formed by a concave lens?

Accepted Answer

It is always virtual, upright, and smaller than the object.

Question 19

A person stands $$2\ \mathrm{m} in $$front of a plane mirror. What is the distance between the person and their image?

Accepted Answer

$$4\ \mathrm{m}$$

Question 20

A beam of white light passes through a prism and splits into its constituent colors. What is this phenomenon called?

Accepted Answer

Dispersion

Optics and Wave Properties: Study Notes

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