Question 1

Which of the following best describes the principle of conservation of energy?

Accepted Answer

Energy can move between different forms without being created or destroyed.

Question 2

A ball is dropped from a height $$h$$ above the ground. Ignoring air resistance, which statement about the energy transformation is correct as the ball falls?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.

Question 3

A compressed spring is released, launching a block across a frictionless surface. Which equation correctly represents the conservation of energy in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

$$k \frac{x^2$}{2} = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of energy being stored and later transformed in a real-world scenario?

Accepted Answer

A battery powering a flashlight.

Question 5

A 2 kg object is lifted to a height of 5 m. What is the gravitational potential energy stored in the object? (Use $$g = 9.8 \ \mathrm{m/s^2$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$98 \ \mathrm{J}$$

Question 6

Which statement best explains why analyzing energy is a powerful way to understand physical systems?

Accepted Answer

It allows us to predict motion without tracking every force in detail.

Question 7

A roller coaster car starts at rest at the top of a hill of height $$h. $$Assuming no friction, what is the speed $$v of $$the car at the bottom of the hill?

Accepted Answer

$$v = \sqrt{2gh}$$

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a form of potential energy?

Accepted Answer

Thermal energy

Question 9

A pendulum swings from its highest point to its lowest point. Which energy transformation occurs?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.

Question 10

A 0.5 kg mass is attached to a spring with a spring constant $$k = 200 \ \mathrm{N/m}$$ and compressed by 0.1 m. What is the maximum speed of the mass when released?

Accepted Answer

$$2 \ \mathrm{m/s}$$

Question 11

Which equation represents the gravitational potential energy of an object of mass $$m at $$height $$h$$?

Accepted Answer

$$U = mgh$$

Question 12

A cyclist pedals up a hill, increasing her gravitational potential energy. What is the source of this energy?

Accepted Answer

Chemical energy stored in her muscles.

Question 13

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the transformation of kinetic energy into potential energy?

Accepted Answer

A car driving up a hill and slowing down.

Question 14

If a system is isolated and energy is conserved, which of the following must be true?

Accepted Answer

The total energy remains constant over time.

Question 15

A 1 kg object is dropped from a height of 10 m. What is its speed just before hitting the ground? (Use $$g = 9.8 \ \mathrm{m/s^2$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$14 \ \mathrm{m/s}$$

Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy: Overview

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