Question 1

Which equation correctly defines the pressure $$p$$ exerted by a gas on the wall of its container, as illustrated by the force $$\vec{F}$$ acting on area $$A in $$the first image?

Accepted Answer

$$p = \frac{F}{A}$$

Question 2

A bicycle tire is inflated to a certain pressure. If the area $$A of $$the tire in contact with the ground doubles while the force $$F$$ from the gas inside remains the same, what happens to the pressure at the contact point?

Accepted Answer

The pressure is halved.

Question 3

In the context of the ideal gas law, which of the following is an intensive property?

Accepted Answer

Pressure

Question 4

A box is divided into two equal compartments. An ideal gas occupies one half, and the other half is empty. The partition is quickly removed without friction. What happens to the internal energy of the gas?

Accepted Answer

The internal energy stays the same.

Question 5

A box is divided into two equal compartments. An ideal gas occupies one half, and the other half is empty. The partition is quickly removed without friction. What happens to the pressure of the gas?

Accepted Answer

The pressure decreases.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why temperature is considered an intensive property?

Accepted Answer

It does not change when the system size is doubled.

Question 7

If the number of gas molecules in a rigid container is increased while temperature and volume remain constant, what happens to the pressure?

Accepted Answer

The pressure increases.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct form of the ideal gas law when using the number of molecules $$N$$?

Accepted Answer

$$pV = Nk_B T$$

Question 9

The units of $$pV in $$the ideal gas law are equivalent to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Joules

Question 10

If the temperature of an ideal gas is increased while the volume is held constant, what happens to the pressure?

Accepted Answer

The pressure increases.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the average kinetic energy of molecules in an ideal gas and the temperature?

Accepted Answer

Average kinetic energy is proportional to the temperature.

Question 12

A gas in a piston is compressed to half its original volume at constant temperature. According to the ideal gas law, what happens to the pressure?

Accepted Answer

The pressure doubles.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an extensive property?

Accepted Answer

Internal energy

Question 14

Why are there two forms of the ideal gas law, $$pV = Nk_B T$$ and $$pV = nRT$$?

Accepted Answer

One uses the number of molecules, the other uses the number of moles.

Question 15

If a system is doubled in size (number of particles and volume), what happens to its internal energy?

Accepted Answer

It is doubled.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

Gas molecules are polar and attract each other.

Question 17

In space, where there is no atmospheric pressure, what must astronauts' suits do to protect their cardiovascular and respiratory systems?

Accepted Answer

Maintain internal pressure similar to Earth's atmosphere.

Question 18

A gas expands against a movable piston with friction. What happens to the internal energy of the gas?

Accepted Answer

It decreases.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why there is a distribution of molecular speeds in a gas at a given temperature?

Accepted Answer

Molecules undergo random collisions, leading to a range of kinetic energies.

Thermal Properties of Matter: Energy, Temperature, and the Ideal Gas Law

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