Q: Which formula best represents the proportional relationship of cognitive dissonance?

$$\text{Dissonance} \propto \text{Importance} \times \text{Magnitude}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of cognitive dissonance?

Accepted Answer

The discomfort experienced when two conflicting cognitions or attitudes are present.

Question 2

According to Festinger & Carlsmith's (1959) experiment, why did participants who lied for $$1 report liking the boring task more than those who lied for 20$$?

Accepted Answer

Because $1 was insufficient justification, leading to attitude change to resolve dissonance.

Question 3

Which compliance technique involves making a small request first, followed by a larger request?

Accepted Answer

Foot-in-the-door

Question 4

A student feels uncomfortable after cheating on an exam because it conflicts with their belief that they are an honest person. According to cognitive dissonance theory, which of the following is NOT a way to resolve this discomfort?

Accepted Answer

Ignoring the conflict and continuing to cheat.

Question 5

Which equation best represents the correlation between attitudes and behavior as discussed in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

$$r \approx 0.3$$

Question 6

In the context of social influence, which order correctly represents increasing strength of influence?

Accepted Answer

Conformity, Compliance, Obedience

Question 7

Which real-life scenario best illustrates 'effort justification' as described by Festinger?

Accepted Answer

A person values their fraternity more after enduring a difficult initiation.

Question 8

Which compliance technique relies on the norm of reciprocity?

Accepted Answer

Pregiving

Question 9

A car salesperson gets a customer to agree to buy a car, then increases the price. The customer still complies. Which technique is being used?

Accepted Answer

Low-balling

Question 10

Which scenario best illustrates the 'door-in-the-face' technique?

Accepted Answer

Asking someone to volunteer for 2 years, then asking them to take teens to the zoo for one day.

Question 11

Which of the following is a major theme in social psychology according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

The need for belonging is a universal, biological human need.

Question 12

Which formula best represents the proportional relationship of cognitive dissonance?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Dissonance} \propto 	ext{Importance} 	imes 	ext{Magnitude}$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why people are motivated to resolve cognitive dissonance?

Accepted Answer

Because inconsistency between cognitions creates psychological discomfort.

Question 14

Which compliance technique would likely be canceled out if used together with another technique, according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Foot-in-the-door and pregiving

Question 15

A person who chooses a college after visiting several campuses and then justifies their choice by emphasizing its positive aspects is demonstrating which psychological concept?

Accepted Answer

Effort justification

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism for resolving cognitive dissonance?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the importance of the conflicting cognition.

Question 17

Which real-world example best illustrates the norm of reciprocity?

Accepted Answer

Receiving a flower and feeling obligated to return a favor.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about attitudes and behavior is supported by the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Attitudes and behavior are correlated, but not perfectly.

Question 19

Which compliance technique is illustrated by asking for the time before requesting money for a bus ticket?

Accepted Answer

Foot-in-the-door

Question 20

According to the study materials, which evolutionary explanation best accounts for the power of social influence?

Accepted Answer

Being connected and accepted promoted survival and reproduction.

Attitudes, Cognitive Dissonance, and Persuasion Techniques in Social Psychology

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