Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between Plato’s and Aristotle’s beliefs about knowledge acquisition?

Accepted Answer

Plato believed knowledge is innate and comes from reasoning, while Aristotle believed knowledge comes from sensory experience.

Question 2

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of dualism as proposed by Descartes?

Accepted Answer

A philosopher argues that the mind and body are separate entities, with the mind controlling the body.

Question 3

Which psychologist is considered the 'father of psychology' and established the first psychology laboratory?

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 4

A researcher wants to determine if a new teaching method causes improved test scores. Which research design should they use?

Accepted Answer

Experimental design

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct interpretation of a correlation coefficient $$r = -0.85$$?

Accepted Answer

A strong negative relationship between two variables.

Question 6

Which of the following best defines an operational definition in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A precise description of how a variable is measured or manipulated in a study.

Question 7

Which part of the neuron is primarily responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Question 8

A patient suffers damage to their hippocampus. Which of the following symptoms are they most likely to experience?

Accepted Answer

Problems forming new memories

Question 9

Which neurotransmitter is most closely associated with mood regulation and is affected by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Question 10

Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is primarily responsible for processing auditory information?

Accepted Answer

Temporal lobe

Question 11

A drug that blocks the action of a neurotransmitter at the synapse is best described as a(n):

Accepted Answer

Antagonist

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the main function of the corpus callosum?

Accepted Answer

Connects the two cerebral hemispheres and facilitates communication between them

Question 13

Which of the following is a key principle of the Belmont Report for ethical research with human subjects?

Accepted Answer

Respect for persons, beneficence, and justice.

Question 14

A person is able to drive a familiar route while thinking about something else. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Automatic processing

Question 15

Which sleep stage is most closely associated with vivid dreaming?

Accepted Answer

REM sleep

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the psychoanalytic theory of dreams is supported by current scientific evidence?

Accepted Answer

There is little scientific support for the psychoanalytic theory of dreams.

Question 17

Which of the following best distinguishes between physiological and psychological dependence on a drug?

Accepted Answer

Physiological dependence involves withdrawal symptoms, while psychological dependence involves cravings and emotional need.

Question 18

A researcher observes children on a playground without interfering. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the main function of the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

Acts as a relay station for sensory information (except smell)

Question 20

Which of the following is a myth about hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

People under hypnosis can be made to do things against their will.

Exam 1 Study Guide: Psychology Chapters 1-4 (Introduction, Research, Biopsychology, Consciousness)

Study Guide - Practice Questions