Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Barnum effect as it relates to personality tests?

Accepted Answer

The tendency for people to accept vague, general statements as personally meaningful.

Question 2

According to the Five Factor Model (OCEAN), which trait is most closely associated with being imaginative, creative, and curious?

Accepted Answer

Openness to experience

Question 3

A person who is organized, careful, and disciplined would likely score high on which Big Five trait?

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of high neuroticism?

Accepted Answer

Calm

Question 5

Which personality trait is most strongly associated with teamwork, social norm integration, and self-transcendence?

Accepted Answer

Agreeableness

Question 6

According to twin studies, which statement best summarizes the heritability of the Big Five personality traits?

Accepted Answer

Identical twins show higher correlations in Big Five traits than fraternal twins.

Question 7

Which defense mechanism involves attributing one’s own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to someone else?

Accepted Answer

Projection

Question 8

A person who channels aggressive impulses into playing competitive sports is using which defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Sublimation

Question 9

According to Freud, which structure of the psyche operates on the reality principle?

Accepted Answer

Ego

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the arousal theory of extraversion?

Accepted Answer

Extraversion is determined by an individual’s threshold for arousal in the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS).

Question 11

A child who becomes preoccupied with orderliness and control after toilet training is likely fixated at which psychosexual stage?

Accepted Answer

Anal stage

Question 12

Which of the following is a key difference between idiographic and nomothetic approaches to personality?

Accepted Answer

Idiographic focuses on unique individuals; nomothetic focuses on generalizations across groups.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT part of the Dark Triad of personality?

Accepted Answer

Agreeableness

Question 14

A genome-wide association study (GWAS) in personality research is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Correlating DNA variants with personality inventory scores across many individuals.

Question 15

Which Big Five trait is most strongly associated with better health, longevity, and sleep quality?

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness

Question 16

According to the Five Factor Model, which trait is most likely to decrease as people age, based on longitudinal studies?

Accepted Answer

Openness to experience

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the superego in Freud’s model of personality?

Accepted Answer

It represents internalized moral standards and ideals.

Question 18

A person who is both sociable and affectionate, but also sometimes reserved and quiet, is likely to:

Accepted Answer

Score in the middle range of extroversion.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of displacement as a defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Yelling at a coworker after being criticized by your boss.

Question 20

According to the behavioral activation system (BAS) and behavioral inhibition system (BIS) theory, a person with a highly active BAS is most likely to:

Accepted Answer

Seek out rewarding experiences and be more impulsive.

Personality: Traits, Biological Approaches, and Psychodynamic Theory

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