Question 1

Which of the following best describes the medical model of psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

It considers psychological disorders as a set of symptoms, causes, and outcomes similar to physical illnesses.

Question 2

A skull with a hole drilled into it, as shown in one of the images, is evidence of which historical treatment for mental illness?

Accepted Answer

Trepanation

Question 3

According to the DSM-V-TR, which of the following is a newly recognized disorder?

Accepted Answer

Prolonged Grief Disorder

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a criterion for behavior to be considered maladaptive in abnormal psychology?

Accepted Answer

It is statistically common in the population.

Question 5

A person who is socially detached, does not desire close relationships, and experiences anhedonia is most likely to be diagnosed with which personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Schizoid Personality Disorder

Question 6

Which brain region is associated with vigilance to threats in Paranoid Personality Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Superior temporal gyrus

Question 7

Which of the following best differentiates Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) from Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

Accepted Answer

OCPD is characterized by a need for order and high expectations for oneself and others, while OCD involves distressing obsessions and compulsions.

Question 8

A person who displays intense extremes between positive and negative emotions, an unstable sense of self, and impulsivity is most likely to be diagnosed with:

Accepted Answer

Borderline Personality Disorder

Question 9

Which of the following statements about Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

APD is associated with a profound lack of empathy and disregard for others' rights.

Question 10

The Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) is used to assess which two main factors in psychopathy?

Accepted Answer

Interpersonal/emotional and social deviance factors

Question 11

Which of the following best describes Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)?

Accepted Answer

A split in identity such that different aspects of oneself are experienced as separate from each other.

Question 12

Which of the following is a common criticism of the DSM classification system?

Accepted Answer

It may contribute to stigma by labeling individuals.

Question 13

A person who avoids social interactions due to feelings of inadequacy and fear of rejection is most likely to be diagnosed with:

Accepted Answer

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why diagnoses such as ADHD have increased in recent years?

Accepted Answer

Increased awareness, changes in diagnostic criteria, and influences such as social media.

Question 15

Which of the following is a key difference in the presentation of ADHD symptoms between adults and children?

Accepted Answer

Children show more impulsivity and hyperactivity, while adults may have more issues with attention.

Question 16

Which of the following is a potential problem with using clinician judgment in diagnosing psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

It can introduce subjective bias into the diagnosis.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the relationship between conduct disorder in children and Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) in adults?

Accepted Answer

Children with conduct disorder are at increased risk of developing APD as adults.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world application of psychological diagnoses in the legal system?

Accepted Answer

Diagnoses can be used as part of a mental disorder defense, such as 'not guilty by reason of insanity.'

Question 19

Which equation best represents the increase in the number of disorders listed in the DSM from DSM-I to DSM-IV, as shown in the bar graph?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta N = N_{DSM-IV} - N_{DSM-I}$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the cycle of paranoid personality disorder as depicted in the flowchart?

Accepted Answer

Social situations lead to negative emotions, which cause vigilance for new threats and activation of paranoid cognitive biases.

Psychological Disorders: Classification, Personality, and Dissociative Disorders

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