Question 1

Which of the following best describes a developmental norm in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A standard timeline for when most individuals reach specific developmental milestones.

Question 2

According to Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory, which stage is characterized by the development of object permanence?

Accepted Answer

Sensorimotor stage

Question 3

Erikson’s theory of socioemotional development includes several stages. Which stage focuses on the conflict of 'identity vs. role confusion'?

Accepted Answer

Adolescence

Question 4

Which attachment pattern is most likely to result in a child who is comfortable exploring their environment and seeks comfort from their caregiver when distressed?

Accepted Answer

Secure attachment

Question 5

Which structure of the eye is responsible for focusing light onto the retina?

Accepted Answer

Lens

Question 6

The property of light that determines the color we perceive is:

Accepted Answer

Wavelength

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between top-down and bottom-up processing?

Accepted Answer

Top-down processing uses prior knowledge and expectations to interpret sensory information, while bottom-up processing relies solely on incoming sensory data.

Question 8

Which theory of color perception explains how the eye detects color using three types of cones sensitive to different wavelengths?

Accepted Answer

Trichromatic theory

Question 9

Gestalt psychology emphasizes which principle in perception?

Accepted Answer

The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

Question 10

Which structure of the ear is primarily responsible for converting sound waves into neural signals?

Accepted Answer

Cochlea

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a major theory of auditory perception?

Accepted Answer

Opponent-process theory

Question 12

How does the sense of smell (olfaction) differ from other senses such as vision and hearing?

Accepted Answer

Olfactory information bypasses the thalamus and goes directly to the cortex.

Question 13

Which formula best represents the relationship between wavelength ($\lambda$), frequency ($f$), and the speed of light ($c$) in the context of color perception?

Accepted Answer

$c = \lambda 	imes f$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the biological clock in regulating circadian rhythms?

Accepted Answer

It synchronizes physiological processes to the 24-hour day-night cycle.

Question 15

During which sleep stage do most vivid dreams occur?

Accepted Answer

REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep

Question 16

Which major theory of dreaming suggests that dreams are the brain’s attempt to make sense of random neural activity?

Accepted Answer

Activation-synthesis theory

Question 17

A person is able to recall a traumatic event only under hypnosis. Which theory of hypnosis best explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Dissociation theory

Question 18

If a child fails to develop object permanence, which Piagetian stage are they most likely still in?

Accepted Answer

Sensorimotor stage

Question 19

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates bottom-up processing?

Accepted Answer

A person sees a new object and uses its shape and color to identify it.

Question 20

Which sleep stage is most associated with sleepwalking?

Accepted Answer

Stage 4 (deep sleep)

Psychology Exam 2 Study Guide: Human Development, Sensation & Perception, and Consciousness

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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