Question 1

Which of the following best describes the property of 'generativity' in language?

Accepted Answer

The ability to produce an infinite number of sentences using a finite set of rules.

Question 2

A child says, 'I goed to the park.' This error is an example of which property of language development?

Accepted Answer

Overregularization

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT one of the properties of language listed in the notes?

Accepted Answer

Reflexivity

Question 4

According to the notes, which intelligence theory proposes a general intelligence factor $$g$$ that underlies all cognitive abilities?

Accepted Answer

Spearman's Two-Factor Theory

Question 5

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'functional fixedness'?

Accepted Answer

Failing to see that a coin can be used as a screwdriver in an emergency.

Question 6

A person who is able to quickly generate multiple solutions to a problem is demonstrating which type of thinking?

Accepted Answer

Divergent thinking

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of the availability heuristic?

Accepted Answer

Judging the likelihood of airplane crashes based on recent news stories.

Question 8

According to Piaget, which stage of cognitive development is characterized by the ability to think logically about concrete events but not abstract concepts?

Accepted Answer

Concrete operational stage

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between algorithms and heuristics?

Accepted Answer

Algorithms guarantee a solution, while heuristics are shortcuts that may not always work.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of 'displacement' in language?

Accepted Answer

Talking about a vacation you will take next year.

Question 11

A child who understands that objects continue to exist even when out of sight has developed which cognitive milestone?

Accepted Answer

Object permanence

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the 'confirmation bias'?

Accepted Answer

Seeking information that supports one's existing beliefs.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT one of Gardner's Multiple Intelligences?

Accepted Answer

Emotional

Question 14

According to the notes, which of the following is a key criticism of intelligence testing?

Accepted Answer

It may be culturally biased and not measure all forms of intelligence.

Question 15

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'telegraphic speech'?

Accepted Answer

A child says, 'Want cookie.'

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of using a heuristic in problem-solving?

Accepted Answer

Guessing a password based on common patterns.

Question 17

Which stage of Piaget's cognitive development is associated with the emergence of abstract reasoning?

Accepted Answer

Formal operational stage

Question 18

A person who believes that their intelligence can be improved through effort and learning is demonstrating which type of mindset?

Accepted Answer

Growth mindset

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the 'representativeness heuristic'?

Accepted Answer

Judging the probability of an event based on how similar it is to a prototype.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of 'semanticity' in language?

Accepted Answer

Using words to refer to specific objects, actions, or ideas.

Thinking, Language, Intelligence, Development, Emotion, and Motivation: Psychology Study Notes

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