Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between qualitative and quantitative variables?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative variables allow for classification based on attributes, while quantitative variables provide numerical measures of individuals.

Question 2

A researcher records the number of books each student reads in a year. What type of variable is this?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative, discrete variable

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a continuous variable?

Accepted Answer

Time it takes to run a marathon

Question 4

In a study, the average age of all 65 students in a class is reported as 21 years and 10 months. This value is:

Accepted Answer

A parameter, because it describes a population.

Question 5

Which of the following best defines a population in statistics?

Accepted Answer

The entire group of individuals to be studied.

Question 6

A survey of 317 employees at a large company found that 75% were dissatisfied with their working conditions. This 75% is:

Accepted Answer

A statistic, because it describes a sample.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Estimating the proportion of all students who would return lost money based on a sample.

Question 8

Given the following variables, which is qualitative?

Accepted Answer

Level of education

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a discrete variable?

Accepted Answer

A variable with a finite or countable number of possible values.

Question 10

In Table 1 (Seattle parking data), which variable is both quantitative and discrete?

Accepted Answer

Amount Paid

Question 11

A poll of all 1,000 employees in a company found that 25% used public transportation. This 25% is:

Accepted Answer

A parameter, because it describes a population.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a step in the process of statistics?

Accepted Answer

Ignoring the reliability of results

Question 13

A researcher wants to know the average IQ score of all 7th graders in a country. The group of all 7th graders is called:

Accepted Answer

A population

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of descriptive statistics?

Accepted Answer

Reporting the mean test score of a class of 28 students.

Question 15

Which of the following best matches the definition: 'A variable that has an infinite number of possible values that are not countable. The values typically result from measurement.'?

Accepted Answer

Continuous variable

Question 16

In Table 1 (Countries data), which variable is quantitative and continuous?

Accepted Answer

Life Expectancy (years)

Question 17

A student ID number is an example of which type of variable?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a statistic?

Accepted Answer

A numerical summary of a sample.

Question 19

A researcher measures the daily intake of whole grains (in grams per day) for a group of adults. This variable is:

Accepted Answer

Quantitative, continuous

Question 20

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of a sample?

Accepted Answer

A group of 40 students selected from a university to participate in a study.

Chapter 1: Data Collection – Foundations of Statistics

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards