Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a population and a sample in statistics?

Accepted Answer

A population is the complete collection of all data being considered, while a sample is a subcollection selected from the population.

Question 2

A researcher wants to estimate the average height of all university students. She measures the heights of 100 randomly selected students. In this context, what is the population?

Accepted Answer

All university students.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a voluntary response sample?

Accepted Answer

A television show asks viewers to call in and vote on an issue.

Question 4

Why are voluntary response samples generally considered unreliable for making conclusions about a population?

Accepted Answer

They are likely to be biased because respondents choose whether to participate.

Question 5

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of statistical significance?

Accepted Answer

A new medication reduces blood pressure by 0.1 mmHg on average, but the result is not likely due to chance.

Question 6

A diet program results in an average weight loss of 2.1 kg after one year, which is statistically significant. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The result is statistically significant, but may not be practically significant.

Question 7

Which of the following is a potential pitfall when analyzing survey data?

Accepted Answer

Reporting sample data instead of measuring it directly.

Question 8

A survey asks, 'Do you agree that the new recycling program is beneficial?' Which type of bias might this question introduce?

Accepted Answer

Loaded question bias.

Question 9

If a survey has a very low response rate, what is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The results may be biased and less reliable.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the process of conducting a statistical study?

Accepted Answer

Prepare, analyze, and conclude.

Question 11

Suppose you want to estimate the average commute time for all employees at a company. Which sampling method would provide the most reliable results?

Accepted Answer

Randomly selecting a group of employees and measuring their commute times.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of misleading use of percentages?

Accepted Answer

Reporting that 120% of students passed an exam.

Question 13

A study finds that 98 out of 100 births are girls. According to statistical thinking, what can be concluded?

Accepted Answer

This result is statistically significant and unlikely due to chance.

Question 14

Which of the following best defines statistics as a field of study?

Accepted Answer

The science of organizing, summarizing, analyzing, and interpreting data to draw conclusions.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a recommended step in the 'Prepare' phase of a statistical study?

Accepted Answer

Ignore the sampling method.

Question 16

A researcher collects data by asking people to mail in their responses to a survey. What is the main concern with this sampling method?

Accepted Answer

It is likely to be a voluntary response sample and may be biased.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of practical significance without statistical significance?

Accepted Answer

A new drug cures a rare disease in one patient, but the result is not statistically significant.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a census in statistics?

Accepted Answer

The collection of data from every member of a population.

Question 19

If a survey question is worded in a way that suggests a particular answer, what is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Loaded question.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct formula for the percentage of a quantity?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Percentage} = \frac{	ext{Part}}{	ext{Whole}} 	imes 100$$

Week 1- 1.1

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards