Q: A pie chart is constructed to represent educational attainment in the U.S. If the relative frequency for 'Bachelor’s degree' is $$0.1970$$, what is the degree measure of the sector for this category?

$$0.1970 \times 360 = 71$$ degrees

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a frequency distribution for qualitative data?

Accepted Answer

A table that lists each category of data and the number of occurrences for each category.

Question 2

A physical therapist records the body part requiring rehabilitation for 30 patients. If 12 patients required back rehabilitation, what is the relative frequency for 'Back'?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{12}{30} = 0.4 $$

Question 3

Which type of graph is most appropriate for displaying the relative frequency of different types of injuries in a physical therapy clinic?

Accepted Answer

Bar graph

Question 4

What distinguishes a Pareto chart from a standard bar graph?

Accepted Answer

Bars are arranged in decreasing order of frequency or relative frequency.

Question 5

Why should relative frequencies be used instead of frequencies when comparing two data sets of different sizes in a side-by-side bar graph?

Accepted Answer

Relative frequencies account for differences in sample or population size, making comparisons fair.

Question 6

A pie chart is constructed to represent educational attainment in the U.S. If the relative frequency for 'Bachelor’s degree' is $$0.1970$$, what is the degree measure of the sector for this category?

Accepted Answer

$$0.1970 	imes 360 = 71$$ degrees

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a guideline for constructing good graphics?

Accepted Answer

Use three-dimensional charts to make the data more visually appealing.

Question 8

Given the following histogram shapes, which one is described as having the highest frequency in the middle and frequencies that tail off to both sides?

Accepted Answer

Bell-shaped (symmetric)

Question 9

A histogram for fines paid for parking violations in New York City shows a peak in the middle and tails off to both sides. What is the shape of this distribution?

Accepted Answer

Bell-shaped

Question 10

Which of the following could make a graph misleading or deceptive?

Accepted Answer

Using an inconsistent scale or a misplaced origin.

Question 11

A time-series plot is most appropriate for which type of data?

Accepted Answer

Data measured at different points in time.

Question 12

If you are organizing continuous data into classes, what is the class width if the smallest value is 65, the largest is 322.61, and you want 11 classes?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{322.61 - 65}{11} \approx 23.4 $$, rounded up to 25

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a dot plot?

Accepted Answer

A plot where each observation is placed horizontally in increasing order and a dot is placed above each value for every occurrence.

Question 14

Which of the following is a reason why a pie chart might exaggerate the percentage of a category?

Accepted Answer

The sector for that category is drawn larger than its proportional value.

Question 15

Suppose you are constructing a frequency distribution for continuous data. What is the best practice for choosing the lower-class limit of the first class?

Accepted Answer

Choose the smallest observation or a convenient number slightly lower than the smallest observation.

Question 16

Which of the following is a potential pitfall when using three-dimensional charts in statistics?

Accepted Answer

They can distract the reader and lead to misinterpretation of the data.

Question 17

A misleading graph is one that:

Accepted Answer

Unintentionally creates an incorrect impression.

Question 18

Which of the following is the formula for calculating the relative frequency of a category?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Relative Frequency} = \frac{	ext{Frequency of the category}}{	ext{Sum of all frequencies}} $$

Chapter 2: Summarizing Data in Tables and Graphs – Introductory Statistics Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards